南非糖尿病和糖尿病前期患者吸烟和饮酒与健康结果之间的关系:一项横断面研究。

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
S J Mulder, T Chivese, C O Egbe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:吸烟和酗酒是可以控制的生活方式因素,对健康有重大影响。这两种因素都会增加患糖尿病等疾病的风险,因为它们会影响葡萄糖代谢,并干扰糖尿病患者的血糖控制。对患有糖尿病前期或 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)的成年人进行烟草和酒精使用及特定健康结果的研究可提供有价值的信息,从而更有效地治疗和管理这种疾病:评估南非糖尿病前期或 2 型糖尿病成人中烟草和酒精使用与特定健康结果之间的关联:使用Stata v17对2016年南非人口与健康调查的数据进行分析。根据糖化血红蛋白5.7%的临界值或T2DM既往诊断的自我报告,将参与者分为糖尿病前期或T2DM组。关注的暴露因素包括自我报告的当前吸烟情况和问题/危险饮酒情况。我们使用多变量逻辑回归分析评估了不同组别中这些暴露与健康结果之间的关系。我们对回归模型中的特定混杂因素进行了调整:在总共 6 108 名参与者(平均(标准差)年龄为 41 (19) 岁)中,72.2%(n=4 409)患有糖尿病前期,27.8%(n=1 699)患有 T2DM;17.7%(n=1 084)是当前吸烟者,9.3%(n=565)报告了问题/危险饮酒。目前吸烟与呼吸急促几率增加 40% 明显相关(调整后的几率比(aOR)为 1.40;95% 置信区间(CI)为 1.1 - 1.7;p 结论:有必要为糖尿病患者和糖尿病前期患者提供有针对性的戒烟计划和酗酒咨询。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The association between tobacco and alcohol use and health outcomes in individuals living with diabetes and prediabetes in South Africa: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Smoking and alcohol misuse are lifestyle factors that can be controlled and have significant health effects. Both these factors increase the risk of developing conditions such as diabetes mellitus because they affect glucose metabolism and can interfere with blood glucose control in individuals with diabetes. Research on tobacco and alcohol use and specific health outcomes among adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could provide valuable information leading to more efficient treatment and management of this disease.

Objectives: To assess the association between tobacco and alcohol use and specific health outcomes among South African adults with prediabetes or T2DM.

Methods: Data from the 2016 South African Demographic and Health Survey were analysed using Stata v17. Participants were classified into prediabetes or T2DM groups, based on a glycated haemoglobin cut-off of 5.7% or self-report of a previous diagnosis of T2DM. Exposures of interest were self-reported current tobacco smoking and problem/risky alcohol use. The associations between these exposures and health outcomes in the different groups were assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. We adjusted for specific confounders in the regression models.

Results: Of a total of 6 108 participants (mean (standard deviation) age 41 (19) years), 72.2% (n=4 409) had prediabetes and 27.8% (n=1 699) T2DM; 17.7% (n=1 084) were current smokers and 9.3% (n=565) reported problem/risky alcohol use. Current smoking was significantly associated with 40% increased odds of shortness of breath (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 - 1.7; p<0.001) and 67% increased odds of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthma (aOR 1.67; 95% CI 1.2 - 2.2; p<0.001). Problem/risky alcohol use was significantly associated with 40% increased odds of COPD/asthma (aOR 1.40; 95% CI 1.1 - 1.7; p=0.001) and 92% increased odds of having cancer (aOR 1.92; 95% CI 1.5 - 2.5; p<0.001).

Conclusion: There is a need for targeted smoking cessation programmes and alcohol misuse counselling among individuals living with diabetes and prediabetes.

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来源期刊
Samj South African Medical Journal
Samj South African Medical Journal 医学-医学:内科
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
4.50%
发文量
175
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The SAMJ is a monthly peer reviewed, internationally indexed, general medical journal. It carries The SAMJ is a monthly, peer-reviewed, internationally indexed, general medical journal publishing leading research impacting clinical care in Africa. The Journal is not limited to articles that have ‘general medical content’, but is intending to capture the spectrum of medical and health sciences, grouped by relevance to the country’s burden of disease. This will include research in the social sciences and economics that is relevant to the medical issues around our burden of disease The journal carries research articles and letters, editorials, clinical practice and other medical articles and personal opinion, South African health-related news, obituaries, general correspondence, and classified advertisements (refer to the section policies for further information).
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