Marina Marcet-Houben, Ewa Księżopolska, Toni Gabaldón
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However, as shown for N. glabratus, the proper assessment of subtelomeric genes is hindered by the use of incomplete assemblies and reliance on a single isolate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we sequenced seven N. bracarensis isolates and reconstructed chromosome level assemblies of two divergent strains. We show that N. bracarensis isolates belong to two diverging clades that have slightly different genomic structures. We identified the set of encoded adhesins in the two complete assemblies, and uncovered the presence of a novel adhesin motif, found mainly in N. bracarensis. Our analysis revealed a larger adhesin content in N. bracarensis than previously reported, and similar in size to that of N. glabratus. We confirm the independent adhesin expansion in these two species, which could relate to their different levels of virulence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>N. bracarensis clinical isolates belong to at least two differentiated clades. We describe a novel repeat motif found in N. bracarensis adhesins, which helps in their identification. Adhesins underwent independent expansions in N. glabratus and N. bracarensis, leading to repertoires that are qualitatively different but quantitatively similar. Given that adhesins are considered virulence factors, some of the observed differences could contribute to variations in virulence capabilities between N. glabratus and N. bracarensis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9030,"journal":{"name":"BMC Genomics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542307/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire.\",\"authors\":\"Marina Marcet-Houben, Ewa Księżopolska, Toni Gabaldón\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s12864-024-10979-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Nakaseomyces clade is formed by at least nine described species among which three can be pathogenic to humans, namely Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata), the second most-common cause of candidiasis worldwide, and two rarer emerging pathogens: Nakaseomyces (Candida) nivarensis and Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：Nakaseomyces 支系由至少 9 个已描述的物种组成，其中 3 个物种可对人类致病，即全球第二大念珠菌病致病菌 Nakaseomyces glabratus（Candida glabrata），以及两种罕见的新病原体：Nakaseomyces (Candida) nivarensis 和 Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis。早期的比较基因组学分析发现，N. glabratus 和 N. nivarensis/bracarensis 中的亚群粘附素基因平行扩增，并认为这可能与这些物种毒力潜能的出现有关。然而，正如 N. glabratus 所显示的那样，由于使用了不完整的组合并依赖于单个分离物，因此无法正确评估亚群基因：在这里，我们对 7 个 N. bracarensis 分离物进行了测序，并重建了两个不同品系的染色体组。结果：我们对 7 个布拉氏菌分离株进行了测序，并重建了两个分歧菌株的染色体组。我们发现布拉氏菌分离株属于两个分歧支系，其基因组结构略有不同。我们在两个完整的基因组中鉴定了编码的粘附素，并发现了一种主要存在于布拉卡雷氏菌中的新型粘附素基序。我们的分析表明，N. bracarensis 中的粘附素含量比以前报道的要高，与 N. glabratus 中的粘附素含量相似。我们证实了这两个物种中粘附蛋白的独立扩增，这可能与它们不同的毒力水平有关：结论：N. bracarensis 临床分离株至少属于两个不同的支系。我们描述了在 N. bracarensis 黏附因子中发现的一种新的重复图案，这有助于识别它们。粘附蛋白在N. glabratus和N. bracarensis中经历了独立的扩增，从而形成了质上不同但量上相似的复合物。鉴于粘附素被认为是毒力因子，观察到的一些差异可能会导致草履虫和布拉卡雷氏菌之间毒力能力的差异。
Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire.
Background: The Nakaseomyces clade is formed by at least nine described species among which three can be pathogenic to humans, namely Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata), the second most-common cause of candidiasis worldwide, and two rarer emerging pathogens: Nakaseomyces (Candida) nivarensis and Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis. Early comparative genomics analyses identified parallel expansions of subtelomeric adhesin genes in N. glabratus and N. nivarensis/bracarensis, and suggested possible links with the emergence of the virulence potential in these species. However, as shown for N. glabratus, the proper assessment of subtelomeric genes is hindered by the use of incomplete assemblies and reliance on a single isolate.
Results: Here we sequenced seven N. bracarensis isolates and reconstructed chromosome level assemblies of two divergent strains. We show that N. bracarensis isolates belong to two diverging clades that have slightly different genomic structures. We identified the set of encoded adhesins in the two complete assemblies, and uncovered the presence of a novel adhesin motif, found mainly in N. bracarensis. Our analysis revealed a larger adhesin content in N. bracarensis than previously reported, and similar in size to that of N. glabratus. We confirm the independent adhesin expansion in these two species, which could relate to their different levels of virulence.
Conclusion: N. bracarensis clinical isolates belong to at least two differentiated clades. We describe a novel repeat motif found in N. bracarensis adhesins, which helps in their identification. Adhesins underwent independent expansions in N. glabratus and N. bracarensis, leading to repertoires that are qualitatively different but quantitatively similar. Given that adhesins are considered virulence factors, some of the observed differences could contribute to variations in virulence capabilities between N. glabratus and N. bracarensis.
期刊介绍：
BMC Genomics is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of genome-scale analysis, functional genomics, and proteomics.
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