蜜蜂蜂王浆和体外幼虫饮食对微生物生物农药的抑制作用

IF 6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Daniel R. Schmehl, David Larsen, Camille Gomez, Lisa Ortego
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在全球范围内,人们对作物生产中使用生物材料的兴趣与日俱增。在许多情况下,由于缺乏特定的微生物测试方法,传统化学品的测试方法被应用于微生物生物农药。然而,并非所有方法都能轻易地应用于微生物产品。我们进行了一项评估,以确定 OECD(经济合作与发展组织)关于蜜蜂幼虫毒性的第 239 号指导文件能否适用于微生物农药。在我们的研究中,在琼脂培养基上培养了五种微生物,包括 B. pumilus、B. thuringiensis、B. velezensis、Paenibacillus larvae 和 Ascophaera apis,并用蜜蜂体外幼虫饮食或蜂王浆进行点染。我们观察到,蜜蜂幼虫饲料和蜂王浆对真菌蜜蜂病原体 Ascophaera apis 没有抑制作用,但却能抑制细菌的生长,包括一种已知的蜜蜂幼虫病原体。这一发现可能会使某些生物农药的试验变得不可靠。经济合作与发展组织(OECD)正在考虑制定针对生物农药的测试准则,美国环保署(EPA)也表示将更新其生物农药蜜蜂测试准则。不过,还需要进行更多的研究,以确定哪些方案可行并能提供最好的改进。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Microbial biopesticides are inhibited by honey bee royal jelly and in vitro larval diet

The interest in and use of biological materials in crop production is increasing globally at a rapid pace. In many cases, testing methods for conventional chemicals are applied to microbial-based biopesticides because specific microbial test methods are lacking. However, not all methods are easily transferred to microbial-based products. An evaluation was conducted to determine if OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) Guidance Document No. 239 on honey bee larval toxicity could be adapted to microbial pesticides. In our study, five microbes, including B. pumilus, B. thuringiensis, B. velezensis, Paenibacillus larvae, and Ascophaera apis were grown on agar media and spotted with either honey bee in vitro larval diet or royal jelly. We observed that the honey bee larval bee diet and royal jelly did not inhibit the fungal honey bee pathogen Ascophaera apis, yet inhibited the growth of bacteria, including a known honey bee larval pathogen. This finding may make the test unreliable for certain biopesticides. The OECD is considering biopesticide-specific testing guidelines, and the EPA has indicated it to update itsbiopesticide bee test guidelines. However, additional research is needed to determine which options may be feasible and provide the best improvements.

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来源期刊
Environmental Sciences Europe
Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution
CiteScore
11.20
自引率
1.70%
发文量
110
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.
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