探索目标脱离的多目标框架

IF 16.8 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Abigail A. Scholer, Candice Hubley, Kentaro Fujita
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管人们常常推崇坚持不懈、坚韧不拔地追求目标,但有时,放弃或放弃自己的目标也是至关重要的。事实上,过去二十年来的研究表明,目标脱离是追求目标的重要组成部分,而且对身心健康有益。在这篇综述中,我们从多重目标的角度来考虑目标脱离的问题。根据这一观点,人们之所以需要目标脱离,是因为他们拥有多重目标,而这些目标由于资源有限而无法同时实现。多目标视角表明了一些通常被认为是不同的现象之间的共性,但这些现象都会减少为实现某一目标而做出的努力:目标放弃、目标冻结和目标转换。多重目标视角还表明,特定目标的相对可实现性、可取性或目标可承受性决定了目标脱离是否具有适应性,拓宽了人们对目标脱离何时以及如何有益的理解,并提供了一个框架来研究哪些因素对脱离目标与继续目标的决定影响最大。目标脱离通常以完全放弃为概念。在这篇评论中,Scholer 及其同事研究了多个时间尺度上的目标脱离,并考虑了在多个目标的背景下,目标脱离何时以及如何是有益的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A multiple-goal framework for exploring goal disengagement

A multiple-goal framework for exploring goal disengagement
Although persistence and tenacity in goal pursuit are often vaunted, at times, it is also critical to walk away from or give up one’s goals. Indeed, research over the past two decades has revealed that goal disengagement is an important part of goal pursuit and has well-being benefits. In this Review, we consider goal disengagement from a multiple-goal perspective, according to which the need for goal disengagement arises because people hold multiple goals that cannot be pursued simultaneously owing to limited resources. A multiple-goal perspective suggests commonalities among phenomena that are often considered distinct but that all reduce goal-striving efforts towards a given goal: goal abandonment, goal freezing and goal switching. A multiple-goal perspective also suggests that the relative attainability, desirability or goal affordance for a given goal determines whether goal disengagement is adaptive, broadens understanding of when and how goal disengagement is beneficial, and provides a framework to examine what factors are most influential in the decision to disengage versus continuing with a goal. Goal disengagement is typically conceptualized in terms of total abandonment. In this Review, Scholer and colleagues examine goal disengagement at multiple timescales and consider when and how goal disengagement is beneficial in the context of multiple goals.
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CiteScore
9.30
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