引入自然环境会改变人工饲养的滤食性双壳类动物的肠道微生物群。

IF 5.1 Q1 ECOLOGY
ISME communications Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/ismeco/ycae125
Stephanie N Vaughn, Garrett W Hopper, Irene Sánchez González, Jamie R Bucholz, Ryan C Garrick, Jeffrey D Lozier, Paul D Johnson, Carla L Atkinson, Colin R Jackson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肠道微生物组受宿主物种和环境的影响,但环境如何影响被引入新生态系统的动物的微生物组却鲜有研究。淡水贻贝是一种水生动物,其中一些濒危物种在孵化场繁殖后被引入自然系统,作为保护工作的一部分。本研究评估了两种经孵化繁殖的淡水贻贝(Lampsilis ovata 和 Lampsilis ornata)被引入其自然分布区内河流的环境对淡水贻贝肠道微生物组的影响。贻贝在河流中放置8周后,收集一个子集,另一个子集留在该河流中,第三个子集被相互移植到同一流域的另一条河流中再放置8周。对所有贻贝的肠道微生物组组成和多样性进行了鉴定。在最初的 8 周之后,与孵化贻贝相比,贻贝的肠道细菌物种丰富度和独特的群落组成都有所提高,但在同一条河流中停留 16 周的贻贝的肠道微生物群落多样性随之下降。在不同河流之间移植的贻贝的肠道细菌群落与最初放入受体河流并在整个研究过程中一直留在那里的贻贝的肠道细菌群落相似。8周后,所有贻贝的肠道微生物群落中都出现了较高比例的固着菌,这表明固着菌在灯盏花贻贝的肠道中发挥着重要作用。这些研究结果表明,贻贝肠道微生物组会随着新环境的变化而变化,这为涉及物种再引入的保护策略提供了启示。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Introduction into natural environments shifts the gut microbiome of captivity-raised filter-feeding bivalves.

The gut microbiome is influenced by host species and the environment, but how the environment influences the microbiome of animals introduced into a new ecosystem has rarely been investigated. Freshwater mussels are aquatic fauna, with some threatened or endangered species propagated in hatcheries and introduced into natural systems as part of conservation efforts. The effects of the environment on the freshwater mussel gut microbiome were assessed for two hatchery-propagated species (Lampsilis ovata, Lampsilis ornata) introduced into rivers within their natural range. Mussels were placed in rivers for 8 weeks, after which one subset was collected, another subset remained in that river, and a third subset was reciprocally transplanted to another river in the same river basin for a further 8 weeks. Gut microbiome composition and diversity were characterized for all mussels. After the initial 8 weeks, mussels showed increased gut bacterial species richness and distinct community composition compared to hatchery mussels, but gut microbiome diversity then decreased for mussels that remained in the same river for all 16 weeks. The gut bacterial community of mussels transplanted between rivers shifted to resemble that of mussels placed initially into the recipient river and that remained there for the whole study. All mussels showed high proportions of Firmicutes in their gut microbiome after 8 weeks, suggesting an essential role of this phylum in the gut of Lampsilis species. These findings show that the mussel gut microbiome shifts in response to new environments and provide insights into conservation strategies that involve species reintroductions.

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