Christina Konstantopoulou, Annalisa De Cia, Jens-Kristian Krogager, Cédric Ledoux, Julia Roman-Duval, Edward B. Jenkins, Tanita Ramburuth-Hurt, Anna Velichko
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引用次数: 0
摘要
我们提出了一种新方法来描述尘埃耗竭,即尘埃颗粒中金属的耗竭。我们使用了在不同星系环境中观测到的相对丰度之间的相关性,这些星系环境包括银河系(MW)、大麦哲伦云(LMC)、小麦哲伦云(SMC)以及类星体和伽马射线暴(GRB)的阻尼莱曼-α吸收体(DLAs)。我们只考虑了作为尘埃示踪剂的金属的相对丰度,并使用了所有可用的尘埃示踪剂。我们发现在一个多维空间中,所有研究的尘埃示踪剂之间都存在线性相关关系,其中每个维度对应一个单独的尘埃示踪剂。尘埃示踪剂之间的线性相关拟合描述了不同元素在消耗到尘粒中时的倾向。根据不同尘埃示踪剂之间的相关性,我们确定了各条视线上尘埃损耗的总体强度 ∆。我们将所有可用的尘埃示踪剂都纳入了这个多维空间,从而避免了对特定尘埃示踪剂的偏好或任何其他假设。我们还确定了尘埃中 Kr、C、O、Cl、P、Zn、Ge、Mg、Cu、Si、Fe、Ni 和 Ti 的损耗。最后,我们提供了应用该方法研究观测到的丰度和相对丰度模式的简单指南。这样就可以直接确定耗损的总体强度和单个元素的尘埃耗损。我们还获得了气相金属度的估计值,并确定了由于特定恒星群的核合成而产生的任何额外偏差。因此,我们建立了一种统一的方法来描述宇宙时间和不同星系环境中的尘埃损耗,为研究星系化学演化中的尘埃损耗提供了一种宝贵的新方法。
DUNE: Dust depletion UNified method across cosmic time and Environments
We present a novel method to characterize dust depletion, namely, the depletion of metals into dust grains. We used observed correlations among relative abundances combining a total of 17 metals in diverse galactic environments, including the Milky Way (MW), Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), and damped Lyman-α absorbers (DLAs) towards quasars and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We only considered the relative abundances of metals that qualify as tracers of dust and we used all available dust tracers. We find linear correlations among all studied dust tracers in a multidimensional space, where each dimension corresponds to an individual dust tracer. The fit to the linear correlations among the dust tracers describes the tendencies of different elements when depleting into dust grains. We determined the overall strength of dust depletion, ∆, along individual lines of sight, based on the correlations among different dust tracers. We avoided any preference for specific dust tracers or any other assumptions by including all available dust tracers in this multidimensional space. We also determined the dust depletion of Kr, C, O, Cl, P, Zn, Ge, Mg, Cu, Si, Fe, Ni, and Ti. Finally, we offer simple guidelines for the application of the method to the study of the observed patterns of abundances and relative abundances. This has allowed for a straightforward determination of the overall strength of depletion and the dust depletion of individual elements. We also obtained an estimate for the gas-phase metallicity and identified any additional deviations due to the nucleosynthesis of specific stellar populations. Thus, we have established a unified methodology for characterizing dust depletion across cosmic time and diverse galactic environments, offering a valuable new approach to the study of dust depletion in studies of the chemical evolution of galaxies.
期刊介绍:
Astronomy & Astrophysics is an international Journal that publishes papers on all aspects of astronomy and astrophysics (theoretical, observational, and instrumental) independently of the techniques used to obtain the results.