大麻合法化与 2017-2021 年美国成年人全国队列中大麻和烟草/尼古丁使用及共同使用情况的变化

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

International Journal of Drug Policy Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104618

Vira Pravosud , Stanton Glantz , Salomeh Keyhani , Pamela M. Ling , Lauren K. Lempert , Katherine J. Hoggatt , Deborah Hasin , Nhung Nguyen , Francis Julian L. Graham , Beth E. Cohen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景关于大麻合法化是否会影响大麻使用的吸收或对大麻和烟草/尼古丁的共同使用（在过去 30 天内同时使用这两种物质）产生溢出效应，人们知之甚少。我们确定了大麻合法化与自我报告的（1）当前（过去 30 天）大麻使用情况；（2）当前（"现在"）烟草/尼古丁使用情况（吸烟或使用电子香烟）；以及（3）当前大麻和烟草/尼古丁共同使用情况之间的关联，以及随着时间的推移流行率的变化情况。方法在这项纵向研究中，我们于 2017 年、2020 年和 2021 年对一个具有全国代表性、基于人口的美国成年人小组进行了基于网络的调查。我们使用加权未调整二项逻辑 GEE 模型来评估大麻、烟草/尼古丁使用和共同使用流行率的变化，并使用加权调整二项逻辑 GEE 模型来评估大麻合法化与大麻、烟草/尼古丁使用和共同使用的关联。结果 2017 年共有 9003 名参与者（年龄范围 = 18-94，平均年龄 = 47.9 [±17.4 SD] 岁；4696 名女性 [加权 52.0 %]）完成了调查；2020 年有 5979/8529 人（70.1 %）完成了调查，2021 年有 5420/7305 人（74.2 %）完成了调查。2017 年至 2021 年期间，当前大麻使用率大幅上升 +3.3%，而烟草/尼古丁使用率则大幅下降（-1.9%）；大麻和烟草/尼古丁的共同使用率变化不大（+0.2%）。医用大麻合法化和娱乐用大麻合法化都与当前大麻使用的增加有关；娱乐用大麻合法化的独立效应是医用大麻合法化的 1.13 倍。大麻合法化增加了大麻使用，但与烟草/尼古丁使用或共同使用的变化无关。大麻合法化应与公共卫生工作相结合。

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Cannabis legalization and changes in cannabis and tobacco/nicotine use and co-use in a national cohort of U.S. adults during 2017–2021

Background

Little is known about whether cannabis legalization impacts cannabis use uptake or has spillover effects on co-use of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine (using both in the past 30 days). We determined associations of cannabis legalization with self-reported (1) current (past 30-day) cannabis use; (2) current (“now”) tobacco/nicotine use (smoking or electronic cigarette use); and (3) current co-use of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine and how prevalence is changing over time.

Methods

In this longitudinal study, a web-based survey was administered to a nationally representative, population-based panel of US adults in 2017, 2020, and 2021. We used weighted unadjusted binomial logistic GEE models to assess changes in prevalence of cannabis, tobacco/nicotine use and co-use and weighted, adjusted binary logistic GEE models to assess associations of cannabis legalization with cannabis, tobacco/nicotine use and co-use.

Results

A total of 9003 participants (age range = 18–94, mean age = 47.9 [±17.4 SD] years; 4696 females [weighted 52.0 %]) completed the survey in 2017; 5979/8529 (70.1 %) in 2020 and 5420/7305 (74.2 %) in 2021 from the original cohort who remained available. Current cannabis use significantly increased +3.3 % between 2017 and 2021, while tobacco/nicotine use significantly declined (−1.9 %); co-use of cannabis and tobacco/nicotine did not change significantly (+0.2 %). Both medical and recreational cannabis legalization was associated with increased current cannabis use; the independent effect of recreational cannabis legalization was 1.13 times larger than medical. There were no statistically significant differences in tobacco/nicotine use and co-use prevalence by legalization status.

Conclusion

Cannabis legalization increases cannabis use but is not associated with changes in tobacco/nicotine use or co-use. Legalization should be coupled with public health efforts.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Drug Policy SUBSTANCE ABUSE-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

11.40%

发文量

307

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Drug Policy provides a forum for the dissemination of current research, reviews, debate, and critical analysis on drug use and drug policy in a global context. It seeks to publish material on the social, political, legal, and health contexts of psychoactive substance use, both licit and illicit. The journal is particularly concerned to explore the effects of drug policy and practice on drug-using behaviour and its health and social consequences. It is the policy of the journal to represent a wide range of material on drug-related matters from around the world.