加深对小脑皮层复杂神经元回路的了解。

IF 4.2 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fncel.2024.1487362
Soyoung Jun, Heeyoun Park, Muwoong Kim, Seulgi Kang, Taehyeong Kim, Daun Kim, Yukio Yamamoto, Keiko Tanaka-Yamamoto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们普遍认为,由几种主要神经元类型组成的小脑神经元回路的基本结构简单易懂。鉴于人们早已知道小脑对运动行为至关重要,这些简单而有序的回路结构似乎有利于提出小脑运动功能和学习神经机制的理论研究。另一方面,使用先进技术进行的实验研究揭示了许多传统上未定义的结构特性。这些特性包括细分的神经元类型及其回路结构、输出浦肯野细胞的反馈路径以及神经元相互作用的多维组织。随着人们最近认识到小脑参与非运动功能,这些新发现的结构特性有可能产生比以前认识到的更高的复杂性,并与信息容量的增加有关。这反过来又可能有助于小脑功能的广泛应用。然而,这些结构特性是如何通过调节神经元活动或突触传递来促进小脑神经计算的,这在很大程度上仍是未知数。为了促进对小脑回路结构及其功能意义的进一步研究,我们旨在总结新发现的小脑皮层结构特性,并讨论有关小脑回路结构及其潜在功能的未来研究方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Increased understanding of complex neuronal circuits in the cerebellar cortex.

The prevailing belief has been that the fundamental structures of cerebellar neuronal circuits, consisting of a few major neuron types, are simple and well understood. Given that the cerebellum has long been known to be crucial for motor behaviors, these simple yet organized circuit structures seemed beneficial for theoretical studies proposing neural mechanisms underlying cerebellar motor functions and learning. On the other hand, experimental studies using advanced techniques have revealed numerous structural properties that were not traditionally defined. These include subdivided neuronal types and their circuit structures, feedback pathways from output Purkinje cells, and the multidimensional organization of neuronal interactions. With the recent recognition of the cerebellar involvement in non-motor functions, it is possible that these newly identified structural properties, which are potentially capable of generating greater complexity than previously recognized, are associated with increased information capacity. This, in turn, could contribute to the wide range of cerebellar functions. However, it remains largely unknown how such structural properties contribute to cerebellar neural computations through the regulation of neuronal activity or synaptic transmissions. To promote further research into cerebellar circuit structures and their functional significance, we aim to summarize the newly identified structural properties of the cerebellar cortex and discuss future research directions concerning cerebellar circuit structures and their potential functions.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
3.80%
发文量
627
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research that advances our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying cell function in the nervous system across all species. Specialty Chief Editors Egidio D‘Angelo at the University of Pavia and Christian Hansel at the University of Chicago are supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
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