多发性骨髓瘤的来那度胺、伊沙佐米或达拉曲单抗维持疗法

Eunice Lai ∗ , Yu Yang Soon ∗ , Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin Lee , Shi Yin Wong , Cinnie Yentia Soekojo , Melissa Ooi , Wee Joo Chng , Sanjay de Mel
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摘要

摘要 来那度胺、伊沙佐米和达拉曲单抗已被提议作为新诊断多发性骨髓瘤(MM;NDMM)患者的维持疗法。然而,目前还没有随机对照试验(RCT)对它们进行比较。我们对在 NDMM 中比较这些药物与安慰剂的 RCT 进行了网络荟萃分析(NMA)。我们使用贝叶斯NMA模型评估了9项研究中竞争治疗对无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)的相对影响,这些研究包括4115名符合移植条件的MM(TEMM)患者和1689名不符合移植条件的MM(NTEMM)患者。与安慰剂相比,来那度胺和达拉曲单抗改善了TEMM患者的PFS(来那度胺[危险比(HR),0.46;95%可信区间(CrI),0.36-0.56];daratumumab[HR,0.49;95% Crl,0.32-0.76];ixazomib[HR,0.72;95% CrI,0.46-1.12]])和NTEMM患者(来那度胺[HR,0.46;95% CrI,0.29-0.75]和ixazomib[HR,0.69;95% CrI,0.43-1.18])。无论是否接受了基于达拉土单抗的诱导治疗,达拉土单抗的PFS获益都是存在的。没有一种药物显示出OS获益,高危细胞遗传学患者也没有PFS获益。来那度胺与二次恶性肿瘤有关,伊沙佐米与血小板减少有关,达拉土单抗与肺炎有关。我们建议来那度胺仍是NDMM的首选维持疗法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Lenalidomide, ixazomib, or daratumumab maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma

Abstract

Lenalidomide, ixazomib, and daratumumab have been proposed as maintenance therapies for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM; NDMM). There are, however, no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing them. We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) of RCTs comparing these agents against placebo in NDMM. A Bayesian NMA model was used to assess the relative effects of competing treatments on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 9 studies including 4115 patients with transplant-eligible MM (TEMM) and 1689 patients with non–transplant-eligible MM (NTEMM). Lenalidomide and daratumumab but not ixazomib were associated with improved PFS compared with placebo in patients with TEMM (lenalidomide [hazard ratio (HR), 0.46; 95% credible interval (CrI), 0.36-0.56]; daratumumab [HR, 0.49; 95% Crl, 0.32-0.76]; and ixazomib [HR, 0.72; 95% CrI, 0.46-1.12]) and those with NTEMM (lenalidomide [HR, 0.46; 95% CrI, 0.29-0.75] and ixazomib [HR, 0.69; 95% CrI, 0.43-1.18]). The PFS benefit for daratumumab was present regardless of whether daratumumab-based induction therapy was received. None of the agents showed an OS benefit, and PFS benefits were not seen in patients with high-risk cytogenetics. Lenalidomide was associated with second malignancies, ixazomib with thrombocytopenia, and daratumumab with pneumonia. We propose that lenalidomide remains the maintenance therapy of choice for NDMM.
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