二氧化碳地质封存过程中盐沉淀实验研究综述

0 ENERGY & FUELS
Xiaolong Sun , Keyu Liu , Senyou An , Helge Hellevang , Yingchang Cao , Juan Alcalde , Anna Travé , Guanghui Yuan , Chenguang Deng , Enrique Gomez-Rivas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在二氧化碳地质封存中,地层干燥引起的盐沉淀是一个重要的二次改变过程,会严重影响储层的注入能力。在这项工作中,主要通过各种实验研究对二氧化碳注入过程中的盐沉淀进行了回顾。首先,介绍了盐沉淀研究的实验系统,即岩心充注、微流控芯片、静态批处理和表面干燥实验系统,介绍了各自的实验过程和优点,以及相应的应用。随后,在对盐沉淀的形成机理进行总体描述后,总结了盐在储层和孔隙尺度上的宏观和微观分布模式。最后,也是最重要的一点,本研究对盐析出的控制因素进行了全面分析,按照盐水、岩石、气体和注入情景分为四类。在所有这些因素中,盐水盐度、二氧化碳注入速度和储层初始特性被认为是决定析出盐的数量和分布以及注入度受损程度的最关键因素。多尺度储层异质性和岩石润湿性对盐析出的影响正引起越来越多的关注,而盐水和气体成分研究由于对储层变化的影响相对较小而受到的关注较少。由于试样尺寸有限,在岩心充水和微流控芯片实验中,原位盐水补充可能会被低估。这可能会导致在许多此类实验中严重低估当地盐类的体积,并对二氧化碳注入过程中的干燥过程进行不准确的预测。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A review of experimental investigations on salt precipitation during CO2 geological storage
Salt precipitation due to formation drying is a critical secondary alteration process that significantly impairs reservoir injectivity in the context of CO2 geological storage. In this work, salt precipitation during CO2 injection is reviewed primarily through various experimental studies. First, the experimental systems for salt precipitation studies, namely core-flooding, microfluidic-chip, static batch, and surface drying experimental systems, have been described to present their respective experimental procedures and merits, as well as corresponding applications. Subsequently, following the general description of the formation mechanisms of salt precipitation, the macro and micro salt distribution patterns at the reservoir and pore scales have been summarized. Finally, and most importantly, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the controlling factors for salt precipitation, categorized into four different groups, according to the brine, rock, gas, and injection scenario aspects. Among all these factors, brine salinity, CO2 injection rate and initial reservoir properties are considered the most critical in determining the amount and distribution of precipitated salts and the degree of injectivity impairment. The effects of multi-scale reservoir heterogeneity and rock wettability on salt precipitation are attracting growing consideration, while the brine and gas composition studies are receiving less attention due to their relatively minor influences on reservoir alteration. Due to the limited specimen sizes, the ex-situ brine replenishment may be underestimated in core-flooding and microfluidic-chip experiments. This may result in a potentially significant underestimation of the volume of local salts and the potentially inaccurate prediction of the drying process during CO2 injection in many such experiments.
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