利用暗示促进老年人的健康：范围审查

IF 7.5 1区医学 Q1 NURSING

International Journal of Nursing Studies Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104946

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景劝导是一种尝试，旨在以细致入微且可预测的方式对个人的健康判断、决策或行为施加简便且廉价的影响。本综述旨在总结目前已知的针对老年人不同健康行为的各种 "劝导 "的影响。综述方法我们在 PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、EBSCOhost 和 Cochrane Library 数据库中进行了全面检索，检索时间从最早可用日期到 2024 年 3 月。为了广泛了解这一领域，我们使用了与 "推力 "和 "老年人 "相关的检索词。所有选取的文章和提取的数据都经过了双重检查。我们根据 Thaler 的双系统理论分类法对 "劝导 "进行了总结和分析。劝导被用于减少医疗保健中的过度使用（7 篇）、提高疫苗接种率（4 篇）、增加饮食摄入量（3 篇）、增加体育锻炼（1 篇）、改善生活方式管理（1 篇）、改善手部卫生（1 篇）和改善临终治疗（1 篇）。为促进老年人的健康，共使用了 12 种鼓励措施。第一类引导包括环境暗示、提醒、默认选项和反馈。第二类暗示包括框架、社会规范、社会比较、突出建议选择、预先承诺、责任说明、专家权威和游戏化。结论这些令人鼓舞的证据表明，"引导 "在促进老年人健康方面具有潜力。未来的研究应根据个人和文化特点调整勉励措施，探索最有效的勉励措施和长期效果，将勉励措施扩展到更多的健康领域，实施适合老年人的数字勉励措施，并分析勉励措施的护理经济学意义。

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Using nudges to promote health among older adults: A scoping review

Background

Nudge is an attempt to easily and cheaply influence an individual's health judgments, decisions, or behaviors in nuanced and predictable ways. To date, there are no published reviews of the evidence for or against nudges as health promotion strategies in older adults.

Objective

This review aims to summarize what is known about the impact of various nudges that target different kinds of health behavior in older adults.

Design

A scoping review.

Review methods

We conducted a comprehensive search across the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCOhost, and the Cochrane Library databases from the earliest available date to March 2024. To gain a broad understanding of this field, we used relevant search terms related to ‘nudge’ and ‘older adult’. All articles selected and data extracted were double-checked. Nudges were summarized and analyzed according to Thaler's dual-systems theory taxonomy.

Results

Overall, 18 articles were selected. Nudges have been applied to reduce overuse in healthcare (n = 7), enhance vaccination uptake (n = 4), raise dietary intake (n = 3), increase physical activity (n = 1), improve lifestyle management (n = 1), improve hand hygiene (n = 1), and improve terminal treatment (n = 1). Twelve nudges were used to promote health for older adults. Type I nudges included environmental cues, reminders, default options, and feedback. Type II nudges were framing, social norms, social comparison, highlighted suggested choices, pre-commitment, accountability justification, expert authority, and gamification. Most, but not all, nudges have proven to be feasible and effective for health promotion among older adults.

Conclusions

This encouraging evidence suggests there is potential for nudges to promote health among older adults. Future research should tailor nudges to individual and cultural characteristics, explore the most effective nudges and long-term effects, expand nudges to more health domains, implement age-friendly digital nudges, and analyze the nursing economics of nudges.

Registration

Open Science Framework websites (OSF.IO/PGY25).

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来源期刊

International Journal of Nursing Studies 医学-护理

CiteScore

15.00

自引率

2.50%

发文量

181

审稿时长

21 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Nursing Studies (IJNS) is a highly respected journal that has been publishing original peer-reviewed articles since 1963. It provides a forum for original research and scholarship about health care delivery, organisation, management, workforce, policy, and research methods relevant to nursing, midwifery, and other health related professions. The journal aims to support evidence informed policy and practice by publishing research, systematic and other scholarly reviews, critical discussion, and commentary of the highest standard. The IJNS is indexed in major databases including PubMed, Medline, Thomson Reuters - Science Citation Index, Scopus, Thomson Reuters - Social Science Citation Index, CINAHL, and the BNI (British Nursing Index).