绘制等离子体辅助点火在不同燃烧环境下的性能包络线和能量路径图

IF 5.8 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS
Raphael J. Dijoud , Nicholas Laws , Carmen Guerra-Garcia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

纳秒脉冲等离子体主要通过气体加热(在不同的时间尺度上)和自由基播种,在实验和数值上都被证明有利于点火。然而,大多数研究都集中在特定的气体条件上,很少有人去了解在不同的气体温度和沉积能量下,等离子体的性能如何受到燃料和氧气含量的影响。这与绘制等离子体辅助燃烧在不同工况下的性能包络线息息相关,这些工况包括从无燃料到富含燃料的操作,以及从富含氧气到氧气活化的条件,涉及不同行业的利益。本研究通过计算,对燃烧环境进行了大量参数化探索,并绘制出不同条件下等离子体的驱动权限图。这项工作使用内部开发的零维等离子体燃烧动力学求解器,研究等离子体辅助下 CH4/O2/N2 混合物的点火。这项研究的主要贡献在于对能量的详细跟踪,从电输入一直到导致燃烧增强的热效应和动力学效应。这扩展了之前的研究,之前的研究主要关注能量传递的第一步:从电输入到电子撞击过程。与成分无关,有四种途径比较突出:(i) 振动-翻译弛豫,(ii) 快速气体加热,(iii) O2 解离,以及 (iv) CH4 解离。结果表明,激活的能量途径高度依赖于气体状态、成分和脉冲形状,并能解释所观察到的点火增强性能范围。该方法可用于计算任何混合物或成分(包括新燃料)在主要途径中的能量沉积分数,是构建等离子体跨燃烧环境现象学模型的重要工具。大多数研究侧重于燃料/空气混合物,而本研究则量化了燃料含量和氧气稀释对等离子体启动的影响。这对于确定各行业使用等离子点火的可能性具有重要意义。该模型的新颖之处在于准确跟踪了等离子体沉积的能量,并确定了等离子体激活的化学途径。尽管在描述等离子体与气体的相互作用时,详细的能量跟踪被认为是至关重要的,但在等离子体化学模拟中却经常被忽略。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种适用于任何等离子体化学动力学模型的方法,可以在多个时间尺度上分析能量份额。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mapping the performance envelope and energy pathways of plasma-assisted ignition across combustion environments
Nanosecond pulsed plasmas have been demonstrated, both experimentally and numerically, to be beneficial for ignition, mainly through gas heating (at different timescales) and radical seeding. However, most studies focus on specific gas conditions, and little work has been done to understand how plasma performance is affected by fuel and oxygen content, at different gas temperatures and deposited energies. This is relevant to map the performance envelope of plasma-assisted combustion across different regimes, spanning from fuel-lean to fuel-rich operation, as well as oxygen-rich to oxygen-vitiated conditions, of interest to different industries. This work presents a computational effort to address a large parametric exploration of combustion environments and map out the actuation authority of plasmas under different conditions. The work uses a zero-dimensional plasma-combustion kinetics solver developed in-house to study the ignition of CH4/O2/N2 mixtures with plasma assistance. A main contribution of the study is the detailed tracking of the energy, from the electrical input all the way to the thermal and kinetic effects that result in combustion enhancement. This extends prior works that focus on the first step of the energy transfer: from the electrical input to the electron-impact processes. Independent of the composition, four pathways stand out: (i) vibrational-translational relaxation, (ii) fast gas heating, (iii) O2 dissociation, and (iv) CH4 dissociation. Results show that the activated energy pathways are highly dependent on gas state, composition, and pulse shape, and can explain the observed range in performance regarding ignition enhancement. The approach can be used to calculate the fractional energy deposition into the main pathways for any mixture or composition, including new fuels, and can be a valuable tool to construct phenomenological models of the plasma across combustion environments.
Novelty and significance statement
This work maps the performance of plasma-assisted ignition over a broader range of combustion environments than prior works. Whereas most works focus on fuel/air mixtures, this work quantifies the impact of fuel content and oxygen dilution on plasma actuation. This is relevant to determine the possibilities of using plasma ignition across industries. The novelty of the model presented is the accurate tracking of the energy deposited by the plasma and the identification of the chemical pathways activated by the plasma. Although it is recognized as critical in the description of plasma-gas interactions, detailed energy tracking is often omitted in plasma chemical simulations. In this work, we present a methodology applicable to any plasma chemical kinetic model, which allows for the analysis of the energy share at multiple timescales.
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来源期刊
Combustion and Flame
Combustion and Flame 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
20.50%
发文量
631
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: The mission of the journal is to publish high quality work from experimental, theoretical, and computational investigations on the fundamentals of combustion phenomena and closely allied matters. While submissions in all pertinent areas are welcomed, past and recent focus of the journal has been on: Development and validation of reaction kinetics, reduction of reaction mechanisms and modeling of combustion systems, including: Conventional, alternative and surrogate fuels; Pollutants; Particulate and aerosol formation and abatement; Heterogeneous processes. Experimental, theoretical, and computational studies of laminar and turbulent combustion phenomena, including: Premixed and non-premixed flames; Ignition and extinction phenomena; Flame propagation; Flame structure; Instabilities and swirl; Flame spread; Multi-phase reactants. Advances in diagnostic and computational methods in combustion, including: Measurement and simulation of scalar and vector properties; Novel techniques; State-of-the art applications. Fundamental investigations of combustion technologies and systems, including: Internal combustion engines; Gas turbines; Small- and large-scale stationary combustion and power generation; Catalytic combustion; Combustion synthesis; Combustion under extreme conditions; New concepts.
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