Promising catalysts for aquatic pollutants degradation via persulfate activation: Insight into MOFs materials based on category, preparation and application

Deep purification of toxic pollutants in water requires more selective and efficient catalytic materials, when heterogeneous catalysis process is the first choice. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have demonstrated high efficiency in catalysis due to their unique properties, including a large specific surface area, numerous active sites, and easily adjustable structure. These characteristics greatly improve the degradation efficiency of pollutants in water. A thorough understanding of the regulation methods for MOFs materials, the mechanisms of oxidant activation, and the influence of reaction parameters is crucial for improving their catalytic performance as heterogeneous catalysts. This study systematically investigates, for the first time, the potential of catalysts derived from MOFs in the degradation of water pollutants through persulfate activation, with a particular focus on various types of MOF composites. In contrast to previous research, this article presents an innovative approach by proposing the application of MOFs in both single-atom and multi-atom catalytic systems. This review discusses the various types of MOFs used as heterogeneous catalysts and the synthesis and regulation methods for different types of catalysts. It summarizes the applications of MOFs in environmental catalysis, with a particular focus on persulfate (PS) activation systems, elucidates the mechanisms by which MOFs activate PS, and examines the effects of reaction parameters on MOFs catalysts. Furthermore, it anticipates future research trends and highlights potential challenges and opportunities for MOFs as catalysts.