极端事件在哪些条件下支持范式转变?研究瑞士洪水风险管理两个世纪中的焦点事件。

IF 3.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Regional Environmental Change Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1007/s10113-024-02316-2
Anik Glaus, Alexandra Gavilano, Karin Ingold
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引用次数: 0

摘要

极端天气事件影响着全球许多地区。一个国家或地区如何应对可以采取多种形式。在本文中,我们将集中讨论政策应对措施,通常体现在法律、法案或战略中。气候变化适应或环境治理方面的最新研究认为,极端事件的严重程度是采取政策行动的关键指标。事件本身是出台政策的必要条件,但并不充分。在这种情况下,我们要问:必须具备哪些条件,极端事件才能发挥其焦点力量,促使政策出台或改变?为了回答这个问题,我们研究了瑞士两个多世纪以来的洪水风险管理。我们利用定性和定量数据以及过程追踪技术,将事件特征、媒体、政治和政策背景与洪水风险管理中的政策变化联系起来。结果表明,有两个条件使洪水成为焦点事件,并支持范式转变:高经济损失和政策子系统中有利于变革的行动者群体。我们相信,我们的研究结果也可用于其他自然灾害和其他国家,而不仅仅是瑞士:在线版本包含补充材料,可查阅 10.1007/s10113-024-02316-2。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Under which conditions do extreme events support a paradigm shift? Studying focusing events during two centuries of Swiss flood risk management.

Extreme weather events affect many areas around the world. How a country or region reacts to it can take many forms. In this article, we concentrate on policy responses, as typically found in laws, acts, or strategies. Recent research in climate change adaptation or environmental governance concluded that the degree of severity of extreme events is a crucial indicator that policy action should be taken. The event alone is a necessary, but insufficient condition for policies to be introduced. In this context, we ask: Which conditions must be at stake so that an extreme event is able to deploy its focal power and induce policy introduction or change? To answer this question, we studied more than two centuries of flood risk management in Switzerland. We relied on qualitative and quantitative data, as well as process tracing techniques, to relate event characteristics, media, political, and policy contexts to policy change in flood risk management. Results indicate that two conditions made floods turn into focusing events and support paradigm shift: high economic damage and a policy subsystem's actor constellation favorable to change. We are convinced that our results are also replicable for other natural disasters and other countries than only Switzerland.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10113-024-02316-2.

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来源期刊
Regional Environmental Change
Regional Environmental Change 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
2.40%
发文量
125
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Environmental changes of many kinds are accelerating worldwide, posing significant challenges for humanity. Solutions are needed at the regional level, where physical features of the landscape, biological systems, and human institutions interact. The goal of Regional Environmental Change is to publish scientific research and opinion papers that improve our understanding of the extent of these changes, their causes, their impacts on people, and the options for society to respond. "Regional" refers to the full range of scales between local and global, including regions defined by natural criteria, such as watersheds and ecosystems, and those defined by human activities, such as urban areas and their hinterlands. We encourage submissions on interdisciplinary research across the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities, and on more focused studies that contribute towards the solutions to complex environmental problems. Topics addressed include (i) the regional manifestations of global change, especially the vulnerability of regions and sectors; (ii) the adaptation of social-ecological systems to environmental change in the context of sustainable development; and (iii) trans-boundary and cross-jurisdictional issues, legislative and governance frameworks, and the broad range of policy and management issues associated with building, maintaining and restoring robust social-ecological systems at regional scales. The primary format of contributions are research articles, presenting new evidence from analyses of empirical data or else more theoretical investigations of regional environmental change. In addition to research articles, we also publish editorials, short communications, invited mini-reviews on topics of strong current interest, as well as special features that provide multifaceted discussion of complex topics or particular regions
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