Kara C Anderson, Tana Mardian, Benjamin Stephenson, Emily E Grammer, Macy E Stahl, Nathan R Weeldreyer, Zhenqi Liu, Kaitlin M Love, Sibylle Kranz, Jason D Allen, Arthur Weltman
{"title":"运动强度和性别对健康人内源性胃泌素水平和食欲的影响","authors":"Kara C Anderson, Tana Mardian, Benjamin Stephenson, Emily E Grammer, Macy E Stahl, Nathan R Weeldreyer, Zhenqi Liu, Kaitlin M Love, Sibylle Kranz, Jason D Allen, Arthur Weltman","doi":"10.1210/jendso/bvae165","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Ghrelin circulates in acylated (AG) and deacylated (DAG) forms, which are known to affect appetite. Although acute exercise has been shown to modulate ghrelin levels, data on the impact of exercise intensity on AG and DAG levels and their effects on appetite are sparse and primarily limited to males.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of exercise intensity and sex on ghrelin levels and appetite in untrained humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight males (age: 43.1 ± 10.9 years; body mass index [BMI]: 22.2 ± 1.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; peak oxygen consumption [VO<sub>2peak</sub>]: 36.3 ± 6.4 mL/kg/min) and 6 females (age: 32.2 ± 11.1 years; BMI: 22.7 ± 1.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; VO<sub>2peak</sub>: 29.2 ± 4.0 mL/kg/min) completed a maximal graded cycle ergometer lactate threshold (LT)/VO<sub>2peak</sub> test. These data were used to determine the exercise intensity on 3 subsequent randomized control or calorically matched cycle exercise bouts: (1) CON, no exercise; (2) MOD, the power output at LT; (3) HIGH, the power output associated with 75% of the difference between LT and VO<sub>2peak</sub>. Perception of appetite was analyzed using visual analog scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Females had higher levels of total ghrelin (TG) (<i>P</i> = .03) and DAG (<i>P</i> = .01) at baseline than males. Both groups exhibited reduced DAG levels in HIGH compared with MOD and CON (<i>P</i> < .0001-.004); however, only females had significantly reduced AG in HIGH (<i>P</i> < .0001). Hunger scores were higher in MOD than in CON (<i>P</i> < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-intensity may be superior to moderate-intensity exercise for reducing ghrelin levels and modifying hunger, and sex may impact this response.</p>","PeriodicalId":17334,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society","volume":"8 11","pages":"bvae165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500663/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Impact of Exercise Intensity and Sex on Endogenous Ghrelin Levels and Appetite in Healthy Humans.\",\"authors\":\"Kara C Anderson, Tana Mardian, Benjamin Stephenson, Emily E Grammer, Macy E Stahl, Nathan R Weeldreyer, Zhenqi Liu, Kaitlin M Love, Sibylle Kranz, Jason D Allen, Arthur Weltman\",\"doi\":\"10.1210/jendso/bvae165\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Ghrelin circulates in acylated (AG) and deacylated (DAG) forms, which are known to affect appetite. Although acute exercise has been shown to modulate ghrelin levels, data on the impact of exercise intensity on AG and DAG levels and their effects on appetite are sparse and primarily limited to males.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of exercise intensity and sex on ghrelin levels and appetite in untrained humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight males (age: 43.1 ± 10.9 years; body mass index [BMI]: 22.2 ± 1.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; peak oxygen consumption [VO<sub>2peak</sub>]: 36.3 ± 6.4 mL/kg/min) and 6 females (age: 32.2 ± 11.1 years; BMI: 22.7 ± 1.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; VO<sub>2peak</sub>: 29.2 ± 4.0 mL/kg/min) completed a maximal graded cycle ergometer lactate threshold (LT)/VO<sub>2peak</sub> test. These data were used to determine the exercise intensity on 3 subsequent randomized control or calorically matched cycle exercise bouts: (1) CON, no exercise; (2) MOD, the power output at LT; (3) HIGH, the power output associated with 75% of the difference between LT and VO<sub>2peak</sub>. Perception of appetite was analyzed using visual analog scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Females had higher levels of total ghrelin (TG) (<i>P</i> = .03) and DAG (<i>P</i> = .01) at baseline than males. Both groups exhibited reduced DAG levels in HIGH compared with MOD and CON (<i>P</i> < .0001-.004); however, only females had significantly reduced AG in HIGH (<i>P</i> < .0001). Hunger scores were higher in MOD than in CON (<i>P</i> < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-intensity may be superior to moderate-intensity exercise for reducing ghrelin levels and modifying hunger, and sex may impact this response.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17334,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of the Endocrine Society\",\"volume\":\"8 11\",\"pages\":\"bvae165\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500663/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of the Endocrine Society\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvae165\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/9/26 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the Endocrine Society","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvae165","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/9/26 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：胃泌素以酰化（AG）和脱酰化（DAG）形式循环，已知它们会影响食欲。虽然急性运动可调节胃泌素水平，但有关运动强度对 AG 和 DAG 水平的影响及其对食欲的影响的数据却很少，而且主要局限于男性：目的：研究运动强度和性别对未经训练的人类胃泌素水平和食欲的影响：36.3 ± 6.4 mL/kg/min）和 6 名女性（年龄：32.2 ± 11.1 岁；体重指数：22.7 ± 1.0 kg/m2；VO2 峰值：29.2 ± 4.0 mL/kg/min）完成了最大分级循环测力计乳酸阈值（LT）/VO2 峰值测试。这些数据用于确定随后 3 次随机对照或热量匹配循环运动的运动强度：(1) CON，不运动；(2) MOD，LT 时的功率输出；(3) HIGH，与 LT 和 VO2peak 之间 75% 差值相关的功率输出。使用视觉模拟量表对食欲感进行分析：结果：女性的总胃泌素（TG）（P = .03）和 DAG（P = .01）的基线水平高于男性。与 MOD 和 CON 相比，HIGH 组和 CON 组的 DAG 水平都有所降低（P < .0001-.004）；然而，只有女性在 HIGH 组的 AG 水平显著降低（P < .0001）。饥饿评分在 MOD 中高于 CON（P < .01）：结论：在降低胃泌素水平和改变饥饿感方面，高强度运动可能优于中等强度运动，而性别可能会影响这种反应。
The Impact of Exercise Intensity and Sex on Endogenous Ghrelin Levels and Appetite in Healthy Humans.
Context: Ghrelin circulates in acylated (AG) and deacylated (DAG) forms, which are known to affect appetite. Although acute exercise has been shown to modulate ghrelin levels, data on the impact of exercise intensity on AG and DAG levels and their effects on appetite are sparse and primarily limited to males.
Objective: To investigate the effect of exercise intensity and sex on ghrelin levels and appetite in untrained humans.
Methods: Eight males (age: 43.1 ± 10.9 years; body mass index [BMI]: 22.2 ± 1.7 kg/m2; peak oxygen consumption [VO2peak]: 36.3 ± 6.4 mL/kg/min) and 6 females (age: 32.2 ± 11.1 years; BMI: 22.7 ± 1.0 kg/m2; VO2peak: 29.2 ± 4.0 mL/kg/min) completed a maximal graded cycle ergometer lactate threshold (LT)/VO2peak test. These data were used to determine the exercise intensity on 3 subsequent randomized control or calorically matched cycle exercise bouts: (1) CON, no exercise; (2) MOD, the power output at LT; (3) HIGH, the power output associated with 75% of the difference between LT and VO2peak. Perception of appetite was analyzed using visual analog scales.
Results: Females had higher levels of total ghrelin (TG) (P = .03) and DAG (P = .01) at baseline than males. Both groups exhibited reduced DAG levels in HIGH compared with MOD and CON (P < .0001-.004); however, only females had significantly reduced AG in HIGH (P < .0001). Hunger scores were higher in MOD than in CON (P < .01).
Conclusion: High-intensity may be superior to moderate-intensity exercise for reducing ghrelin levels and modifying hunger, and sex may impact this response.
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