代谢和生活方式因素加速了疾病的发生,并改变了炎症性非传染性疾病中的肠道微生物群。

IF 7 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Nathalie Rohmann, Theresa Geese, Samantha Nestel, Kristina Schlicht, Corinna Geisler, Kathrin Türk, Fynn Brix, Julia Jensen-Kroll, Tobias Demetrowitsch, Corinna Bang, Andre Franke, Wolfgang Lieb, Dominik M Schulte, Karin Schwarz, Anne-Kathrin Ruß, Arunabh Sharma, Stefan Schreiber, Astrid Dempfle, Matthias Laudes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:近几十年来,西方人口中的生物医学和生活方式因素发生了显著变化,影响了公众健康,并导致非传染性疾病(NCD)的发病率不断上升,而炎症是这些疾病的共同病理特征:我们使用逻辑回归模型,在横断面 FoCus 队列(n = 1220)中调查了这些因素与 11 种非传染性疾病之间的关系。在特定疾病队列(FoCus-T2D,n = 514;IBD-KC,n = 1110)中,我们特别分析了 2 型糖尿病(T2D,低度慢性炎症)和炎症性肠病(IBD,高度慢性炎症)与发病年龄的关系。通过 Cox-PH 回归模型和时间到事件分析确定了疾病风险的重要因素。我们使用线性模型进一步探讨了已确定的风险因素与肠道微生物组组成之间的相互作用:结果:生活方式因素明显与疾病表型相关,尤其是在 T2D 和 IBD 中。不过,有些因素只影响发病年龄,而不影响疾病的发病率。优质营养明显推迟了 IBD 和 T2D 的发病时间(IBD:HR = 0.81 [0.66; 0.98];T2D:HR = 0.45 [0.28; 0.72])。吸烟会加速 T2D 的发病(HR = 1.82 [1.25; 2.65]),但会延迟溃疡性结肠炎(UC:HR = 0.47 [0.28; 0.79])的发病。微生物群多样性越高,IBD发病时间越晚(香农:HR = 0.58 [0.49; 0.71]),但对T2D没有影响。特定微生物属的丰度与 T2D 和 IBD 的各种生物医学和生活方式因素密切相关。在未受影响的对照组中,这些影响较小或相反,这可能表明肠道微生物组更容易受到T2D和IBD的负面影响:对疾病发病年龄和疾病中肠道微生物群组成的双重认识强调了某些生物医学和生活方式因素(如营养质量)在疾病预防和管理中的作用。了解这些关系为制定有针对性的策略奠定了基础,从而通过改变生活方式和肠道健康管理来减轻代谢性和炎症性疾病的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Metabolic and lifestyle factors accelerate disease onset and alter gut microbiome in inflammatory non-communicable diseases.

Background: Biomedical and lifestyle factors in Western populations have significantly shifted in recent decades, influencing public health and contributing to the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that share inflammation as common pathology.

Methods: We investigated the relationship between these factors and 11 NCDs in the cross-sectional FoCus cohort (n = 1220), using logistic regression models. Associations with age-at-disease-onset were specifically analyzed for type 2 diabetes (T2D, low-grade chronic inflammation) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, high-grade chronic inflammation) in disease-specific cohorts (FoCus-T2D, n = 514; IBD-KC, n = 1110). Important factors for disease risk were identified using Cox-PH-regression models and time-to-event analysis. We further explored the interaction between identified risk factors and gut microbiome composition using linear models.

Results: Lifestyle factors were clearly linked to disease phenotypes, particularly in T2D and IBD. Still, some factors affected only the age-at-onset, but not disease prevalence. High-quality nutrition significantly delayed onset for both IBD and T2D (IBD: HR = 0.81 [0.66; 0.98]; T2D: HR = 0.45 [0.28; 0.72]). Smoking accelerated T2D onset (HR = 1.82 [1.25; 2.65]) but delayed onset in ulcerative colitis (UC: HR = 0.47 [0.28; 0.79]). Higher microbiota diversity delayed IBD onset (Shannon: HR = 0.58 [0.49; 0.71]) but had no effect on T2D. The abundance of specific microbial genera was strongly associated with various biomedical and lifestyle factors in T2D and IBD. In unaffected controls, these effects were smaller or reversed, potentially indicating a greater susceptibility of the gut microbiome to negative influences in T2D and IBD.

Conclusions: The dual insights into age-at-disease-onset and gut microbiota composition in disease emphasize the role of certain biomedical and lifestyle factors, e.g., nutrition quality, in disease prevention and management. Understanding these relationships provides a foundation for developing targeted strategies to mitigate the impact of metabolic and inflammatory diseases through lifestyle modifications and gut health management.

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来源期刊
BMC Medicine
BMC Medicine 医学-医学:内科
CiteScore
13.10
自引率
1.10%
发文量
435
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Medicine is an open access, transparent peer-reviewed general medical journal. It is the flagship journal of the BMC series and publishes outstanding and influential research in various areas including clinical practice, translational medicine, medical and health advances, public health, global health, policy, and general topics of interest to the biomedical and sociomedical professional communities. In addition to research articles, the journal also publishes stimulating debates, reviews, unique forum articles, and concise tutorials. All articles published in BMC Medicine are included in various databases such as Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, CAS, Citebase, Current contents, DOAJ, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, OAIster, SCImago, Scopus, SOCOLAR, and Zetoc.
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