平衡负荷:非首发足球运动员补偿性训练策略的叙述性回顾及方法论意义。

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES
Biology of Sport Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI:10.5114/biolsport.2024.139071
Filipe Manuel Clemente, Guglielmo Pillitteri, Luiz H Palucci Vieira, Alireza Rabbani, Piotr Zmijewski, Marco Beato
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引用次数: 0

摘要

新出现的训练方法主张实施补偿性体能训练。这种方法旨在提供额外的训练,以平衡非首发球员在比赛中通常承受的负荷。这可能有助于保持他们的准备状态,并确保他们的体能不会因比赛负荷的减少而受到影响。因此,本综述旨在描述首发球员和非首发球员在外部负荷方面的差异,并介绍有关补偿性训练的研究。有关外部负荷指标(如总跑动距离、高速奔跑和短跑)的研究表明,根据比赛时间进行调整后,非首发球员的数值往往更高。虽然没有标准化,但非首发球员在这些关键变量上的暴露量明显减少。此外,首发球员的内部负荷参数(如感知消耗量和心率)往往更高。关于对体能的影响,有证据表明,首发球员和非首发球员在体能表现的某些方面存在差异,尽管这些差异的程度和重要性可能有所不同。关于补偿性训练的研究很有限,典型的方法通常是以跑步练习和小场比赛为中心,提供不同的方法来满足体能需求。研究方面的空白突出表明,有必要改进研究设计,以揭示补偿性训练的真正影响。目前,补偿性训练的做法已被采用,但对其真正的影响,特别是在增强体质和降低受伤风险方面的影响,仍然没有明确的认识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Balancing the load: A narrative review with methodological implications of compensatory training strategies for non-starting soccer players.

New training approaches have emerged advocating for the implementation of compensatory physical training. This approach aims to provide additional training that balances the load typically experienced by non-starters during a match. This may help maintain their readiness and ensures that their physical fitness is not compromised by the reduced exposure to match loads. Thus, this narrative review aims to describe the differences in external loads between starting and non-starting players and describe the studies conducted in compensatory training. Studies examining external load metrics such as total distances covered, high-speed running, and sprinting suggest that, adjusted for playing time, values are often higher in non-starting players. Although not standardized, there is an obvious decrease in exposure for these critical variables in non-starters. Additionally, internal load parameters such as perceived exertion and heart rate tend to be higher in starting players. Regarding the physical fitness impacts, evidence suggests differences observed between starters and non-starters in some aspects of physical performance, although the extent and significance of these differences can vary. The studies on compensatory training are limited, and the typical approach usually centres on running-based exercises and small-sided games, offering differing approaches to address the physical needs. The gap in research underscores the necessity for improved study designs that can shed light on the real impact of compensatory training. Presently, the practice of compensatory training has been adopted, yet a definitive understanding of its genuine influence, particularly in terms of enhancing physical fitness and mitigating injury risks, remains elusive.

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来源期刊
Biology of Sport
Biology of Sport 生物-运动科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
12.50%
发文量
113
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Biology of Sport is the official journal of the Institute of Sport in Warsaw, Poland, published since 1984. Biology of Sport is an international scientific peer-reviewed journal, published quarterly in both paper and electronic format. The journal publishes articles concerning basic and applied sciences in sport: sports and exercise physiology, sports immunology and medicine, sports genetics, training and testing, pharmacology, as well as in other biological aspects related to sport. Priority is given to inter-disciplinary papers.
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