{"title":"活死人:与疯狂亡灵政治的过渡合作以及可能取而代之的疯狂过渡联盟。","authors":"Wren Ariel Gould","doi":"10.1007/s11013-024-09884-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trans subjectivities continue to be included in major compendia of mental illness, despite recent moves to depathologize \"cross-gender identification.\" Regardless, the inclusion of \"gender dysphoria\" is often framed as a formal mechanism to support access to gender affirming care as transgender subjectivities are re-conceptualized as part of sex/gender diversity and away from madness. The latter permits trans individuals to evade sanist oppressions. However, moves to disassociate from mad individuals also often serve to condone sanism. For instance, a contemporary policy landscape often sees transgender advocates arguing for the \"medical necessity\" of gender affirming care for gender dysphoria as a \"recognized medical condition,\" thereby skirting the inclusion of gender dysphoria as a psychiatric condition and implying that gender dysphoria carries a special ontological status that separates it from madness (reified as \"mental illness\"). More though, this framework endorses material violences toward mad individuals that are often advanced via the workings of the state to consign marginalized constituents to death by withholding the means of life, i.e., necropolitics. In the following, I argue that trans disassociations from madness often endorses or assents to mad necropolitics. Drawing from Mbembe's (Necropolitics. Duke University Press, Durham, 2019) framework, I suggest that medicalizing trans narratives, despite being used to object to anti-trans laws in contemporary context, ideologically support mad \"death worlds\" organized through the U.S.A. welfare state and prison industrial complex. However, I also suggest alternative strategies, i.e., intersectional collaboration, that may uplift mad and/or trans communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47634,"journal":{"name":"Culture Medicine and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Living Dead: Trans Cooperations with Mad Necropolitics and the Mad Trans Coalitions that Might Replace Them.\",\"authors\":\"Wren Ariel Gould\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11013-024-09884-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Trans subjectivities continue to be included in major compendia of mental illness, despite recent moves to depathologize \\\"cross-gender identification.\\\" Regardless, the inclusion of \\\"gender dysphoria\\\" is often framed as a formal mechanism to support access to gender affirming care as transgender subjectivities are re-conceptualized as part of sex/gender diversity and away from madness. The latter permits trans individuals to evade sanist oppressions. However, moves to disassociate from mad individuals also often serve to condone sanism. For instance, a contemporary policy landscape often sees transgender advocates arguing for the \\\"medical necessity\\\" of gender affirming care for gender dysphoria as a \\\"recognized medical condition,\\\" thereby skirting the inclusion of gender dysphoria as a psychiatric condition and implying that gender dysphoria carries a special ontological status that separates it from madness (reified as \\\"mental illness\\\"). More though, this framework endorses material violences toward mad individuals that are often advanced via the workings of the state to consign marginalized constituents to death by withholding the means of life, i.e., necropolitics. In the following, I argue that trans disassociations from madness often endorses or assents to mad necropolitics. Drawing from Mbembe's (Necropolitics. Duke University Press, Durham, 2019) framework, I suggest that medicalizing trans narratives, despite being used to object to anti-trans laws in contemporary context, ideologically support mad \\\"death worlds\\\" organized through the U.S.A. welfare state and prison industrial complex. However, I also suggest alternative strategies, i.e., intersectional collaboration, that may uplift mad and/or trans communities.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":47634,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Culture Medicine and Psychiatry\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Culture Medicine and Psychiatry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-024-09884-2\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ANTHROPOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Culture Medicine and Psychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-024-09884-2","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
尽管最近出现了对 "跨性别认同 "去病理学化的举动,但跨性别主体性仍然被纳入精神疾病的主要汇编中。无论如何,将 "性别焦虑症 "纳入其中通常是一种支持获得性别肯定护理的正式机制,因为变性人的主体性被重新概念化为性/性别多样性的一部分,而不是疯狂的一部分。后者允许跨性别者逃避理智主义的压迫。然而,撇清与疯子的关系的举措往往也会纵容禁欲主义。例如,在当代的政策环境中,变性人倡导者经常会主张性别平权护理的 "医疗必要性",将性别障碍视为一种 "公认的医疗状况",从而回避了将性别障碍列为精神病的问题,并暗示性别障碍具有特殊的本体论地位,将其与疯狂(被重新定义为 "精神疾病")区分开来。更有甚者,这一框架认可了对疯子的物质暴力,而这种暴力往往是通过国家的运作来推进的,即通过剥夺生命的手段将边缘化的成员置于死亡的境地。在下文中,我将论证反式与疯狂的脱离往往是对疯狂的死亡政治学的认可或赞同。借鉴姆贝姆贝的《死亡政治学》(Necropolitics. Duke University Press, Durham, 2019)框架,我认为变性人的医疗化叙事尽管在当代语境中被用来反对反变性人的法律,但在意识形态上却支持通过美国福利国家和监狱工业综合体组织起来的疯狂 "死亡世界"。不过,我也提出了其他策略,即交叉合作,这些策略可能会提升疯狂和/或跨性别群体。
Living Dead: Trans Cooperations with Mad Necropolitics and the Mad Trans Coalitions that Might Replace Them.
Trans subjectivities continue to be included in major compendia of mental illness, despite recent moves to depathologize "cross-gender identification." Regardless, the inclusion of "gender dysphoria" is often framed as a formal mechanism to support access to gender affirming care as transgender subjectivities are re-conceptualized as part of sex/gender diversity and away from madness. The latter permits trans individuals to evade sanist oppressions. However, moves to disassociate from mad individuals also often serve to condone sanism. For instance, a contemporary policy landscape often sees transgender advocates arguing for the "medical necessity" of gender affirming care for gender dysphoria as a "recognized medical condition," thereby skirting the inclusion of gender dysphoria as a psychiatric condition and implying that gender dysphoria carries a special ontological status that separates it from madness (reified as "mental illness"). More though, this framework endorses material violences toward mad individuals that are often advanced via the workings of the state to consign marginalized constituents to death by withholding the means of life, i.e., necropolitics. In the following, I argue that trans disassociations from madness often endorses or assents to mad necropolitics. Drawing from Mbembe's (Necropolitics. Duke University Press, Durham, 2019) framework, I suggest that medicalizing trans narratives, despite being used to object to anti-trans laws in contemporary context, ideologically support mad "death worlds" organized through the U.S.A. welfare state and prison industrial complex. However, I also suggest alternative strategies, i.e., intersectional collaboration, that may uplift mad and/or trans communities.
期刊介绍:
Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry is an international and interdisciplinary forum for the publication of work in three interrelated fields: medical and psychiatric anthropology, cross-cultural psychiatry, and related cross-societal and clinical epidemiological studies. The journal publishes original research, and theoretical papers based on original research, on all subjects in each of these fields. Interdisciplinary work which bridges anthropological and medical perspectives and methods which are clinically relevant are particularly welcome, as is research on the cultural context of normative and deviant behavior, including the anthropological, epidemiological and clinical aspects of the subject. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry also fosters systematic and wide-ranging examinations of the significance of culture in health care, including comparisons of how the concept of culture is operationalized in anthropological and medical disciplines. With the increasing emphasis on the cultural diversity of society, which finds its reflection in many facets of our day to day life, including health care, Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry is required reading in anthropology, psychiatry and general health care libraries.