胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素血症和动脉粥样硬化:病理生理学方面的见解和未来治疗前景。

IF 2.4 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Georgios S Papaetis, Anastasia Sacharidou, Ioannis C Michaelides, Konstantinos C Mikellidis, Stylianos A Karvounaris
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引用次数: 0

摘要

胰岛素抵抗是指已知数量的胰岛素(外源性或内源性)缺乏活性,无法像代谢正常的人那样促进葡萄糖的吸收和利用。在细胞层面,这表明胰岛素通路(从胰岛素受体下游到其最终底物)的能量不足,而胰岛素通路对于细胞平衡的多个有丝分裂和新陈代谢方面至关重要。动脉粥样硬化是大中动脉中一个缓慢、复杂和多因素的病理生物学过程,涉及多个组织和细胞类型(免疫细胞、血管细胞和代谢细胞)。炎症反应和免疫调节是动脉粥样硬化发生和发展的关键因素。本文通过对体外和体内(临床前和临床)证据的深入研究,探讨了胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素血症以及与动脉粥样硬化密切相关的心脏代谢综合征之间可能存在的病理生理机制。报告还讨论了可视化和开发新型治疗策略和治疗靶点的重要性,以从根本上应对这种代谢状态。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Insulin Resistance, Hyperinsulinemia and Atherosclerosis: Insights into Pathophysiological Aspects and Future Therapeutic Prospects.

Insulin resistance describes the lack of activity of a known quantity of insulin (exogenous or endogenous) to promote the uptake of glucose and its utilization in an individual, as much as it does in metabolically normal individuals. On the cellular level, it suggests insufficient power of the insulin pathway (from the insulin receptor downstream to its final substrates) that is essential for multiple mitogenic and metabolic aspects of cellular homeostasis. Atherosclerosis is a slow, complex, and multifactorial pathobiological process in medium to large arteries and involves several tissues and cell types (immune, vascular, and metabolic cells). Inflammatory responses and immunoregulation are key players in its development and progression. This paper examines the possible pathophysiological mechanisms that govern the connection of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and the closely associated cardiometabolic syndrome with atherosclerosis, after exploring thoroughly both in vitro and in vivo (preclinical and clinical) evidence. It also discusses the importance of visualizing and developing novel therapeutic strategies and targets for treatment, to face this metabolic state through its genesis.

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来源期刊
Current Cardiology Reviews
Current Cardiology Reviews CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
10.50%
发文量
117
期刊介绍: Current Cardiology Reviews publishes frontier reviews of high quality on all the latest advances on the practical and clinical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. All relevant areas are covered by the journal including arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease, drugs, methodology, pacing, and preventive cardiology. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians in cardiology.
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