埃迪卡拉纪塔里木北缘岩浆活动多样:从罗迪衍向冈瓦纳集合过渡

IF 2.9 2区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Guangyou Zhu , Zhiyong Chen , Weiyan Chen , Lei Yan , Kun Zhao , Huichuan Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

埃迪卡拉纪的火成岩和沉积序列对我们了解从罗迪尼亚大陆分散到冈瓦纳大陆组合的过渡起着关键作用。另一方面,位于罗迪尼亚和冈瓦纳边缘地区的一些大陆块,可以为我们解读从罗迪尼亚解体到冈瓦纳集合的地球动力学背景提供确凿的证据。在这篇论文中,我们报告了对塔里木地块北缘多种埃迪卡拉纪火成岩活动的实地观察、岩相学、年龄和系统地球化学研究。塔里木北缘的埃迪卡拉纪火成岩包括拜城花岗岩和阳夏花岗岩、铁门关正长岩、库尔勒黑云岩堤以及扎莫克特地层(塔里木东北部)和苏盖特布拉克地层(塔里木西北部)中的玄武岩层。精确的锆石 UPb 测定显示,这些不同的岩石大致共生,结晶/喷发年龄为 630-600 Ma。大块岩石的元素和SrNd同位素组成以及锆石的LuHf同位素组成表明,白城花岗岩和阳夏花岗岩源于新元古代的岩浆岩下地壳,在成岩之前经历了强烈的分馏作用。铁门关正长岩具有钾安山岩成分,结合其明显富集的NdHf同位素和极高的Zr饱和温度(∼900 °C),我们认为其可能的霰石原生岩浆来源于先前的变质次大陆岩石圈地幔源(含闪石),然后在岩浆室和/或前往成岩空间的途中与同化和分型结晶(AFC)效应耦合。这可以解释其引人入胜的地球化学特征。约约 615 Ma 的 Zamoketi 和 Sugetbrak 玄武岩以及切割 Zamoketi 玄武岩层的稍年轻的玢岩岩堤(约 580 Ma)显示出典型的类似 OIB 的地球化学特征,它们很可能在喷发前来自贫乏的星体层地幔源,其中橄榄石和辉石的分馏情况各不相同,地壳的污染可以忽略不计。总体而言,埃迪卡拉纪各种火成岩的地球化学特征清楚地表明,它们在基因上与延伸环境有关。结合埃迪卡拉纪-寒武纪沉积序列中显著的被动大陆特征,我们认为这些埃迪卡拉纪火成岩是与罗迪尼亚超大陆边缘的塔里木散失有关的火成岩活动的最新阶段。晚托尼安纪至埃迪卡拉纪塔里木从澳大利亚北缘散开,导致了原特提斯洋的开辟。随后,原特提斯洋在大约 530 Ma(福尔图纪)开始向南俯冲。530Ma(福尔图纪),导致塔里木群在约440Ma时进入冈瓦纳群。440 Ma。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Diverse magmatism along the northern margin of Tarim during the Ediacaran: Transition from Rodinian dispersing to Gondwana assemblage

Diverse magmatism along the northern margin of Tarim during the Ediacaran: Transition from Rodinian dispersing to Gondwana assemblage
The Ediacaran igneous rocks and sedimentary sequences play a key role for our understanding the transition from dispersing of the Rodinian continents to the assemblage of the Gondwana. On the other hand, some continental massifs at the marginal area of the Rodinia and Gondwana could preserve solid evidences for deciphering the geodynamic background from the break-up of Rodinia to the assemblage of Gondwana. In this contribution, we report field observations, petrography, ages and systematic geochemistry of the diverse Ediacaran igneous activities in the northern margin of the Tarim Block, which was favored as a marginal continental massif in the Rodinia configuration by most geologists. The Ediacaran igneous rocks along the northern margin of Tarim include the Baicheng and Yangxia granites, Tiemenguan syenite, Kurle mafic dykes and the basalt layers in the Zamoketi Formation (northeastern Tarim) and the Sugetbrak Formation (northwestern Tarim). Precise zircon UPb dating revealed that these distinct rocks were broadly coeval with crystallization/eruption ages of 630–600 Ma. Bulk-rock elemental and SrNd isotope compositions as well as zircon LuHf isotope compositions demonstrate that the Baicheng and Yangxia granites were derived from Neoarchean mafic lower crust and underwent intensive fractionation before their emplacements. The Tiemenguan syenites have potassic andesitic compositions, in combination with their pronounced enriched NdHf isotopes and extremely high Zr saturation temperatures (∼900 °C), we argue that their possible shoshonitic primary magmas were derived from previously metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle source (amphibole-bearing) and then, coupling with assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) effects in magma chamber and/or en route to the emplacement space. This can account for their intriguing geochemical features. The ca. 615 Ma Zamoketi and Sugetbrak basalts and the slightly younger porphyrite dykes (ca. 580 Ma) cutting the Zamoketi basalt layer, show typical OIB-like geochemical signatures, they were most likely derived from a depleted asthenospheric mantle source with variable fractionation of olivine and pyroxene and negligible crustal contamination before eruption. On the whole, the geochemistry of the diverse Ediacaran igneous rocks unambiguously demonstrates that they were genetically related to an extensional environment. In combination with the significant passive continental features of the Ediacaran-Cambrian sedimentary sequences, we consider that these Ediacaran igneous rocks were the latest phase of igneous activity related to the dispersing of the Tarim at the margin of the Rodinia supercontinent.
The dispersing of the Rodinian supra-continent was diachronic with the assemblage of the Gondwana. Late Tonian to Ediacaran dispersing of the Tarim from northern margin of Australia induced the opening of the Proto-Tethys Ocean. Then the initiation of the southward subduction of the Proto-Tethys Ocean at ca. 530 Ma (Fortunian) led to the Tarim assemblage to Gondwana at ca. 440 Ma.
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来源期刊
Lithos
Lithos 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
11.40%
发文量
286
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: Lithos publishes original research papers on the petrology, geochemistry and petrogenesis of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Papers on mineralogy/mineral physics related to petrology and petrogenetic problems are also welcomed.
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