Grinding process optimization considering carbon emissions, cost and time based on an improved dung beetle algorithm

During the machining phase, carbon emissions produced by grinding machines account for a significant proportion of the total emissions. Optimizing grinding process parameters is an effective energy-saving measure, which can notably reduce carbon emissions. However, most of the research on parameter optimization related to carbon emissions and energy saving is focused on turning and milling processes, with limited studies on the grinding process. To address this gap, this paper introduces an optimization method for grinding process parameters that considers carbon emissions and seeks to balance emissions, time, and cost in the grinding process. Initially, we quantify the relationship between grinding parameters and optimization objectives and a corresponding multi-objective optimization model is established subsequently. Then an improved multi-objective dung beetle optimization algorithm (INSDBO) is proposed to solve this model. As a case study, we conduct experiments on the machining of a plunger. Simulation results indicate that after optimization, carbon emissions, grinding costs and time have decreased by 11.7%,7.7%, and 6.7% respectively, validating the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method. When compared with the Adaptive Weighted Evolutionary Algorithm (AdaW)、the traditional dung beetle algorithm (NSDBO), and Multi-Stage Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MSEA), the improved dung beetle optimization algorithm(INSDBO) showed superior performance. This refined algorithm can suggest optimal parameters in the grinding process, thereby reducing carbon emissions, machining time, and costs.