液体活检--基于生物标记的癌症治疗革命性技术

Subham Sarkar, Samraggi Chakraborty, Soubhagya Ghosh, Ekanansha Roy Chowdhury, Jenifer Rajak, Arup Kumar Mitra, Ajoy Kumer, Bikram Dhara
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景与目标 癌症比其他任何疾病都更能吸引全世界科学家和医学专家的关注。在过去的几十年里,医学领域有了很大的进步,但在寻找癌症解决方案的道路上却进展甚微。随着侵入性技术在癌症治疗中的普及,科学家们提出了微创或非侵入性的替代方法,其中液体活检是迄今为止最合适的方法。 方法 液体活检用于分析各种生物液体中的核酸、亚细胞成分和循环肿瘤细胞,以诊断癌症。它还可通过分析多个样本了解抗癌药物对患者的疗效。 成果 液体活检正在成为标准的治疗方法,因为它可以对无法进行实体瘤活检的样本进行活检。液体活检的取样程序多种多样,如收集尿液用于尿路上皮癌或膀胱癌或前列腺癌,以及抽血用于其他类型的癌症,因此液体活检是诊断癌症的最佳方法之一。 结论 本综述旨在讨论用于检测癌症生物标志物的几种技术,以及通过液体活检分析的生物标志物变化引起的一些临床表现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Liquid biopsy—A biomarker-based revolutionising technique in cancer therapy

Background and Aims

Cancer has grabbed the attention of scientists and medical professionals all over the world much more than any other disease. In the past few decades, the medical field has improved quite a lot but progress in the path to find a solution for cancer is very less. As the popularity of invasive technologies is diminishing in cancer treatment, scientists have come up withminimally invasive or non-invasive alternatives, among which liquid biopsy, by far is the most suitable.

Methods

Liquid biopsy is used to analyse nucleic acids, subcellular components and circulating tumour cells in various biological fluids for diagnosis of cancer. It can also be used to know the efficacy of cancer drugs in a patient by analysing multiple samples.

Outcomes

Liquid biopsy is becoming standard of care as it allows biopsy of those samples in which solid tumour biopsies are not possible. The diversity of sampling procedures, such as collection of urine for urothelial carcinoma or bladder or prostate cancer and phlebotomy for other types of cancer, make liquid biopsy one of the best methods for diagnosis of cancer.

Conclusion

This review aims in discussing the several techniques used for the detection of cancer biomarkers and some clinical manifestations due to the changes in the biomarkers which are analysed by liquid biopsy.

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