封面和封底,第 40 卷第 5 号。2024 年 10 月

IF 1.5 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY
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引用次数: 0

摘要

封面和封底标题,第 40 卷第 5 期ALGORITHMIC POLICING & AIT这幅图片捕捉了罗伯托-J-冈萨雷斯(Roberto J. González)在本期中对美国算法警务的探索。冈萨雷斯研究了各种监控技术:预测性警务平台、面部识别软件和声学枪击探测系统。它的算法构成暗示了这些工具背后复杂的数学模型,这些工具声称可以预测犯罪并识别潜在的犯罪者。下图中的城市景观是物理结构和数据点的混合体,模糊了有形世界和数字世界之间的界限。这种视觉隐喻代表了正在重塑我们对城市空间的理解的技术,这些技术往往强化了边缘化社区现有的监视和控制模式。这幅图片不祥的基调和鲜明的色彩呼应了文章对算法警务肆意扩张的批判视角。文章提出了有关隐私、同意以及这些系统在执法决策中放大偏见和错误的可能性等问题。这些技术背后的人性故事--从错误逮捕到社区不信任--往往被效率和安全的承诺所掩盖。这提醒我们,需要从人类学角度审视这些机器人程序及其对社会结构的影响。看不见的数字基础设施正日益影响着警务实践,重塑着美国及其他地区的公共安全和监控格局。这就提出了一些重要问题,即风险资本、科技初创企业和执法机构如何在数字时代改变传统的警务和公民自由观念。封底标题,第 40 卷第 5 期变化之手:农民的身份这幅农民饱经风霜的双手紧握肥沃土壤的图片,概括了艾米尔-麦克洛夫林(Eimear Mc Loughlin)文章中所探讨的现代欧洲农业的复杂现实。这双手长期以来一直象征着农民与他们耕种的土地之间的深厚联系,如今却讲述了一个更微妙的故事:农民的身份在不断变化。麦洛林认为,由于新的压力越来越大,农民的传统形象正在消失。这双手曾经主要从事耕种农作物和饲养食用动物的触觉工作,现在却越来越多地与电子表格、监管文书和全球市场的无形约束打交道。他们手中的土壤不仅代表着增长的希望,也代表着环境问题、严格法规和社会期望的重压。它提醒我们,即使农民的传统形象在不断演变,他们在我们的粮食系统和国家认同中仍发挥着不可替代的作用。肥沃的土壤蕴含着更新和适应的潜力,反映了麦克-拉夫林对重新构想农业未来的呼吁。在欧洲农民抗议和努力改变身份的时候,这幅画提醒我们什么是利害攸关的。它要求我们考虑如何支持向可持续农业的过渡,这种过渡既要体现这里所象征的亲力亲为,又要解决紧迫的环境和经济现实问题。在这样做的过程中,我们可能会开辟一条道路,让农民的形象不会消失,而是不断发展,在驾驭现代农业复杂性的同时,保持与土地的重要联系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Front and Back Covers, Volume 40, Number 5. October 2024

Front and back cover caption, volume 40 issue 5

ALGORITHMIC POLICING & AI

This image captures Roberto J. González's exploration of algorithmic policing in America in this issue. Cameras survey a stylized urban landscape, symbolizing the pervasive reach of artificial intelligence in modern law enforcement.

González examines various technologies of surveillance: predictive policing platforms, facial recognition software and acoustic gunshot detection systems. Its algorithmic composition hints at the complex mathematical models underpinning these tools, which claim to forecast crime and identify potential offenders.

Below, the cityscape appears as a mix of physical structures and data points, blurring the line between the tangible world and its digital representation. This visual metaphor represents the technologies that are reshaping our understanding of urban spaces, often reinforcing existing patterns of surveillance and control in marginalized communities.

The ominous tone and starkness of the image echo the article's critical perspective on the unchecked expansion of algorithmic policing. The article raises questions about privacy, consent, and the potential for these systems to amplify biases and errors in law enforcement decisions.

The human stories behind these technologies – from wrongful arrests to community distrust – are often obscured by promises of efficiency and safety. This reminds us of the need for anthropological scrutiny of these roboprocesses and their impact on social fabrics.

The unseen digital infrastructure is increasingly shaping policing practices, reshaping the landscape of public safety and surveillance in America and beyond. This raises important questions about how venture capital, tech startups, and law enforcement agencies are transforming traditional notions of policing and civil liberties in the digital age.

Back cover caption, volume 40 issue 5

HANDS OF CHANGE: FARMER IDENTITY

This image of the weathered hands of a farmer, cradling rich soil, encapsulates the complex reality of modern European agriculture explored in Eimear Mc Loughlin's article. These hands, which have long symbolized the deep connection between farmers and the land they cultivate, now tell a more nuanced story of an identity in flux.

According to Mc Loughlin, the traditional image of the farmer is vanishing because of new pressures that are becoming more intense. These hands, once primarily engaged in the tactile work of cultivating crops and tending to animals bred for food, now increasingly grapple with spreadsheets, regulatory paperwork and the invisible constraints of global markets. The soil they hold represents not just the promise of growth, but also the weight of environmental concerns, stringent regulations and societal expectations.

Yet, this image also speaks to the enduring essence of farming that persists despite these challenges. It reminds us of the irreplaceable role farmers play in our food systems and national identities, even as their traditional image evolves. The rich soil suggests the potential for renewal and adaptation, mirroring Mc Loughlin's call for a reimagined agricultural future.

As Europe's farmers protest and struggle with their changing identity, this image reminds us of what is at stake. It challenges us to consider how we can support a transition to sustainable farming that reflects the hands-on work symbolized here while addressing pressing environmental and economic realities. In doing so, we might forge a path where the figure of the farmer does not disappear but evolves, maintaining that crucial connection to the land while navigating the complexities of modern agriculture.

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来源期刊
Anthropology Today
Anthropology Today ANTHROPOLOGY-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
71
期刊介绍: Anthropology Today is a bimonthly publication which aims to provide a forum for the application of anthropological analysis to public and topical issues, while reflecting the breadth of interests within the discipline of anthropology. It is also committed to promoting debate at the interface between anthropology and areas of applied knowledge such as education, medicine, development etc. as well as that between anthropology and other academic disciplines. Anthropology Today encourages submissions on a wide range of topics, consistent with these aims. Anthropology Today is an international journal both in the scope of issues it covers and in the sources it draws from.
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