Gue Seon Lee, Hyun Sub Lee, Nuri Kim, Hyun Gyu Shin, Yun Ha Hwang, Seung Jae Lee and Jeung Gon Kim*,
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Mechanochemical Synthesis of Ionic Polymers: Solid-State Ball-Milling Polymerization for Unrestricted Solubility Enabling Copolymerization of Immiscible Monomers
This study demonstrates the facile synthesis of ionic polymers using a solid-state mechanochemical ball milling method, which offers a straightforward, ecofriendly, and broad scope compared to conventional solution polymerization techniques. Unlike solution polymerization, which is limited by solvent selection and often results in poor efficiency, direct ball-milling polymerization enables the production of the desired product polymers from a broader range of ionic monomers without solubility and miscibility constraints. We employed free-radical polymerization of styrene and (meth)acrylic ionic monomers, as well as Ru-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornenyl ionic monomers, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the mechanochemical approach. Additionally, the study explored the mechanochemical copolymerization of immiscible monomer pairs such as sodium carboxylate/pyrene and ammonium sulfone betaine/porphyrin moieties, producing water-soluble porphyrin and pyrene polymers. Overall, this research showcases mechanochemistry’s versatility and efficiency in synthesizing ionic polymers, anticipating its use in various applications.
期刊介绍：
Macromolecules publishes original, fundamental, and impactful research on all aspects of polymer science. Topics of interest include synthesis (e.g., controlled polymerizations, polymerization catalysis, post polymerization modification, new monomer structures and polymer architectures, and polymerization mechanisms/kinetics analysis); phase behavior, thermodynamics, dynamic, and ordering/disordering phenomena (e.g., self-assembly, gelation, crystallization, solution/melt/solid-state characteristics); structure and properties (e.g., mechanical and rheological properties, surface/interfacial characteristics, electronic and transport properties); new state of the art characterization (e.g., spectroscopy, scattering, microscopy, rheology), simulation (e.g., Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, multi-scale/coarse-grained modeling), and theoretical methods. Renewable/sustainable polymers, polymer networks, responsive polymers, electro-, magneto- and opto-active macromolecules, inorganic polymers, charge-transporting polymers (ion-containing, semiconducting, and conducting), nanostructured polymers, and polymer composites are also of interest. Typical papers published in Macromolecules showcase important and innovative concepts, experimental methods/observations, and theoretical/computational approaches that demonstrate a fundamental advance in the understanding of polymers.
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