肠道生态系统的元基因组交响乐:构成如何影响心灵

IF 8.8 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY
Stefanie Malan-Müller , David Martín-Hernández , Javier R. Caso , Jelle Matthijnssens , Amanda Rodríguez-Urrutia , Christopher A. Lowry , Juan C. Leza
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引用次数: 0

摘要

精神疾病和神经退行性疾病给患者和社会带来了沉重的负担,尽管人们在了解这些疾病的病理生理学方面取得了长足的进步,但药物开发方面的进展却十分滞后。胃肠道健康对维持整体健康和预防疾病的重要性并不是一个新概念。数百年前,来自不同文化和文明的医学家就认识到肠道在维持健康方面的关键作用。一个多世纪前,科学家们开始探索益生菌的修复作用,标志着人们很早就认识到肠道微生物的重要性。omics时代带来了更多启迪,使研究人员能够识别我们体内微生物生态系统的复杂性,包括细菌、真核生物(包括真菌)、古生菌、病毒和其他微生物。微生物群广泛的遗传能力是动态的,并受到环境的影响。因此,微生物群是我们体内的一个重要实体,在宿主的新陈代谢、免疫、发育和行为方面具有进化过程中保留下来的功能。细菌肠道微生物群在心理健康和神经退行性疾病中的重要作用已在微生物群-肠道-大脑轴的框架内得到认识和描述。然而,细菌成员并不是孤立地发挥作用,而是相互配合,而关于非细菌微生物群成员在这些疾病中的参与,还存在很大的知识空白。在这篇综述中,我们将探讨目前有哪些文献表明整个元基因组的作用,以及它们之间复杂的关系如何影响精神疾病和神经退行性疾病的中枢神经系统功能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Metagenomic symphony of the intestinal ecosystem: How the composition affects the mind
Mental health disorders and neurodegenerative diseases place a heavy burden on patients and societies, and, although great strides have been made to understand the pathophysiology of these conditions, advancement in drug development is lagging. The importance of gastrointestinal health in maintaining overall health and preventing disease is not a new concept. Hundreds of years ago, healers from various cultures and civilizations recognized the crucial role of the gut in sustaining health. More than a century ago, scientists began exploring the restorative effects of probiotics, marking the early recognition of the importance of gut microbes. The omics era brought more enlightenment and enabled researchers to identify the complexity of the microbial ecosystems we harbour, encompassing bacteria, eukaryotes (including fungi), archaea, viruses, and other microorganisms. The extensive genetic capacity of the microbiota is dynamic and influenced by the environment. The microbiota therefore serves as a significant entity within us, with evolutionarily preserved functions in host metabolism, immunity, development, and behavior. The significant role of the bacterial gut microbiome in mental health and neurodegenerative disorders has been realized and described within the framework of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the bacterial members do not function unaccompanied, but rather in concert, and there is a substantial knowledge gap regarding the involvement of non-bacterial microbiome members in these disorders. In this review, we will explore the current literature that implicates a role for the entire metagenomic ensemble, and how their complex interkingdom relationships could influence CNS functioning in mental health disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
29.60
自引率
2.00%
发文量
290
审稿时长
28 days
期刊介绍: Established in 1987, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity proudly serves as the official journal of the Psychoneuroimmunology Research Society (PNIRS). This pioneering journal is dedicated to publishing peer-reviewed basic, experimental, and clinical studies that explore the intricate interactions among behavioral, neural, endocrine, and immune systems in both humans and animals. As an international and interdisciplinary platform, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity focuses on original research spanning neuroscience, immunology, integrative physiology, behavioral biology, psychiatry, psychology, and clinical medicine. The journal is inclusive of research conducted at various levels, including molecular, cellular, social, and whole organism perspectives. With a commitment to efficiency, the journal facilitates online submission and review, ensuring timely publication of experimental results. Manuscripts typically undergo peer review and are returned to authors within 30 days of submission. It's worth noting that Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, published eight times a year, does not impose submission fees or page charges, fostering an open and accessible platform for scientific discourse.
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