Joseph Tang Ching Seng;Jun Jiat Tiang;Surajo Muhammad;Yew Chiong Lo
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This paper uses three different transparent materials: ITO-PET film, silver nanowires (AgNWs) on a polymer substrate, and silver on a pet substrate as an FSS coating material for glassy windows to enhance the transmission coefficient at the n77 and n78 bands. The optimization of unit cell parameters was implemented using the Trust Region Framework (TRF) algorithm. The investigation for single and double glazing has shown that the thicker the glass, the lower the transmission coefficient. Moreover, the simulation result of the proposed FSS can support up to \n<inline-formula> <tex-math>${85}^{o}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\n and \n<inline-formula> <tex-math>${75}^{o}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\n for single- and double-glazing glass, respectively. A maximum of 17 dB enhancement was obtained from single-glazing glass, and a maximum of 10 dB enhancement was obtained from double-glazing glass. Thus, the designed FSS structure can enhance 5G signal transmission from outdoors to indoors.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10697177","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Investigation and Enhancement of Radio Frequency Signal Losses of Glassy Window\",\"authors\":\"Joseph Tang Ching Seng;Jun Jiat Tiang;Surajo Muhammad;Yew Chiong Lo\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3469631\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This paper presents a wide incident angle, wideband, and polarization-insensitive unit cell frequency-selective surface (FSS) on single- and double-glazing glass. The 5G signal losses due to the shielding of building materials lead to high penetration losses that degrade the data rates, energy, and spectral density. The transmission coefficient of glass is lower than that of the materials used in buildings. So, investigating and enhancing radio frequency signal losses on glassy windows at sub-6GHz frequency band is crucial to increase the transmission coefficient. This paper uses three different transparent materials: ITO-PET film, silver nanowires (AgNWs) on a polymer substrate, and silver on a pet substrate as an FSS coating material for glassy windows to enhance the transmission coefficient at the n77 and n78 bands. The optimization of unit cell parameters was implemented using the Trust Region Framework (TRF) algorithm. The investigation for single and double glazing has shown that the thicker the glass, the lower the transmission coefficient. Moreover, the simulation result of the proposed FSS can support up to \\n<inline-formula> <tex-math>${85}^{o}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\\n and \\n<inline-formula> <tex-math>${75}^{o}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\\n for single- and double-glazing glass, respectively. A maximum of 17 dB enhancement was obtained from single-glazing glass, and a maximum of 10 dB enhancement was obtained from double-glazing glass. 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Investigation and Enhancement of Radio Frequency Signal Losses of Glassy Window
This paper presents a wide incident angle, wideband, and polarization-insensitive unit cell frequency-selective surface (FSS) on single- and double-glazing glass. The 5G signal losses due to the shielding of building materials lead to high penetration losses that degrade the data rates, energy, and spectral density. The transmission coefficient of glass is lower than that of the materials used in buildings. So, investigating and enhancing radio frequency signal losses on glassy windows at sub-6GHz frequency band is crucial to increase the transmission coefficient. This paper uses three different transparent materials: ITO-PET film, silver nanowires (AgNWs) on a polymer substrate, and silver on a pet substrate as an FSS coating material for glassy windows to enhance the transmission coefficient at the n77 and n78 bands. The optimization of unit cell parameters was implemented using the Trust Region Framework (TRF) algorithm. The investigation for single and double glazing has shown that the thicker the glass, the lower the transmission coefficient. Moreover, the simulation result of the proposed FSS can support up to
${85}^{o}$
and
${75}^{o}$
for single- and double-glazing glass, respectively. A maximum of 17 dB enhancement was obtained from single-glazing glass, and a maximum of 10 dB enhancement was obtained from double-glazing glass. Thus, the designed FSS structure can enhance 5G signal transmission from outdoors to indoors.
IEEE AccessCOMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMSENGIN-ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
7.70%
发文量
6673
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍:
IEEE Access® is a multidisciplinary, open access (OA), applications-oriented, all-electronic archival journal that continuously presents the results of original research or development across all of IEEE''s fields of interest.
IEEE Access will publish articles that are of high interest to readers, original, technically correct, and clearly presented. Supported by author publication charges (APC), its hallmarks are a rapid peer review and publication process with open access to all readers. Unlike IEEE''s traditional Transactions or Journals, reviews are "binary", in that reviewers will either Accept or Reject an article in the form it is submitted in order to achieve rapid turnaround. Especially encouraged are submissions on:
Multidisciplinary topics, or applications-oriented articles and negative results that do not fit within the scope of IEEE''s traditional journals.
Practical articles discussing new experiments or measurement techniques, interesting solutions to engineering.
Development of new or improved fabrication or manufacturing techniques.
Reviews or survey articles of new or evolving fields oriented to assist others in understanding the new area.