从磁共振成像生成合成 CT 的进展:放射治疗规划的技术和趋势回顾。

IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
Mohamed A. Bahloul, Saima Jabeen, Sara Benoumhani, Habib Abdulmohsen Alsaleh, Zehor Belkhatir, Areej Al-Wabil
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:磁共振成像(MRI)和计算机断层扫描(CT)是诊断成像和放射治疗的重要成像技术。核磁共振成像可提供出色的软组织对比度,但缺乏计算剂量所需的直接电子密度数据。另一方面,CT 因其在放射治疗计划(RTP)中提供精确的电子密度信息而一直是黄金标准,但它会使患者受到电离辐射。从核磁共振成像中生成合成 CT(sCT)是过去几年的重点研究领域,因为它具有成本效益,而且可以最大限度地减少使用一种以上成像模式进行治疗模拟的副作用。它大大提高了时间和成本效率,绕过了复杂的联合注册,并通过最大限度地减少与注册相关的误差,潜在地提高了治疗的准确性。为了引导快速发展的精准医疗领域,本文研究了 sCT 生成技术的最新进展,特别是那些使用机器学习(ML)和深度学习(DL)的技术。该综述强调了这些技术在提高用于 RTP 的 sCT 生成效率和准确性方面的潜力,从而改善患者护理并降低医疗成本。目的:这篇综述旨在概述磁共振成像生成 sCT 的最新进展,特别关注其在 RTP 中的应用,强调该领域的技术、性能评估、临床应用、未来研究趋势和公开挑战:采用全面的搜索策略,在主要科学数据库中进行了系统的文献综述。本综述以过去十年的进展为重点,批判性地研究了从 2013 年到 2023 年从核磁共振成像生成 sCT 的新兴方法,对其方法论进行了全面分析,最终促进了该领域的进一步发展。本研究强调了 RTP 的重大贡献、确定了挑战并概述了成功经验。对已确定的方法进行分类、对其优缺点进行对比以及确定广泛的趋势都是综述过程的一部分:综述确定了各种 sCT 生成方法,包括基于图集的方法、基于分割的方法、多模态融合方法、混合方法、基于 ML 和 DL 的技术。对这些方法的图像质量、剂量准确性和临床可接受性进行了评估。这些方法可用于纯核磁共振放射治疗、自适应放射治疗和核磁共振/计算机断层显像(MR/PET)衰减校正。综述还强调了生成 sCT 方法的多样性,每种方法都有自己的优势和局限性。新兴趋势包括整合先进的成像模式,包括各种 MRI 序列,如 Dixon 序列、T1 加权(T1W)、T2 加权(T2W),以及提高准确性的混合方法:本研究探讨了基于核磁共振成像的 sCT 生成,以尽量减少同时获得两种模式的负面影响。该研究回顾了 2013-2023 年有关 MRI 至 sCT 生成方法的研究,旨在通过减少电离辐射的使用和改善患者预后来革新 RTP。该综述为研究人员和从业人员提供了见解,强调了标准化验证程序的必要性以及合作改进方法和解决局限性的必要性。它预计技术将继续发展,以提高 RTP 中 sCT 的精确度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Advancements in synthetic CT generation from MRI: A review of techniques, and trends in radiation therapy planning

Advancements in synthetic CT generation from MRI: A review of techniques, and trends in radiation therapy planning

Background

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Computed tomography (CT) are crucial imaging techniques in both diagnostic imaging and radiation therapy. MRI provides excellent soft tissue contrast but lacks the direct electron density data needed to calculate dosage. CT, on the other hand, remains the gold standard due to its accurate electron density information in radiation therapy planning (RTP) but it exposes patients to ionizing radiation. Synthetic CT (sCT) generation from MRI has been a focused study field in the last few years due to cost effectiveness as well as for the objective of minimizing side-effects of using more than one imaging modality for treatment simulation. It offers significant time and cost efficiencies, bypassing the complexities of co-registration, and potentially improving treatment accuracy by minimizing registration-related errors. In an effort to navigate the quickly developing field of precision medicine, this paper investigates recent advancements in sCT generation techniques, particularly those using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). The review highlights the potential of these techniques to improve the efficiency and accuracy of sCT generation for use in RTP by improving patient care and reducing healthcare costs. The intricate web of sCT generation techniques is scrutinized critically, with clinical implications and technical underpinnings for enhanced patient care revealed.

Purpose

This review aims to provide an overview of the most recent advancements in sCT generation from MRI with a particular focus of its use within RTP, emphasizing on techniques, performance evaluation, clinical applications, future research trends and open challenges in the field.

Methods

A thorough search strategy was employed to conduct a systematic literature review across major scientific databases. Focusing on the past decade's advancements, this review critically examines emerging approaches introduced from 2013 to 2023 for generating sCT from MRI, providing a comprehensive analysis of their methodologies, ultimately fostering further advancement in the field. This study highlighted significant contributions, identified challenges, and provided an overview of successes within RTP. Classifying the identified approaches, contrasting their advantages and disadvantages, and identifying broad trends were all part of the review's synthesis process.

Results

The review identifies various sCT generation approaches, consisting atlas-based, segmentation-based, multi-modal fusion, hybrid approaches, ML and DL-based techniques. These approaches are evaluated for image quality, dosimetric accuracy, and clinical acceptability. They are used for MRI-only radiation treatment, adaptive radiotherapy, and MR/PET attenuation correction. The review also highlights the diversity of methodologies for sCT generation, each with its own advantages and limitations. Emerging trends incorporate the integration of advanced imaging modalities including various MRI sequences like Dixon sequences, T1-weighted (T1W), T2-weighted (T2W), as well as hybrid approaches for enhanced accuracy.

Conclusions

The study examines MRI-based sCT generation, to minimize negative effects of acquiring both modalities. The study reviews 2013-2023 studies on MRI to sCT generation methods, aiming to revolutionize RTP by reducing use of ionizing radiation and improving patient outcomes. The review provides insights for researchers and practitioners, emphasizing the need for standardized validation procedures and collaborative efforts to refine methods and address limitations. It anticipates the continued evolution of techniques to improve the precision of sCT in RTP.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
19.00%
发文量
331
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics is an international Open Access publication dedicated to clinical medical physics. JACMP welcomes original contributions dealing with all aspects of medical physics from scientists working in the clinical medical physics around the world. JACMP accepts only online submission. JACMP will publish: -Original Contributions: Peer-reviewed, investigations that represent new and significant contributions to the field. Recommended word count: up to 7500. -Review Articles: Reviews of major areas or sub-areas in the field of clinical medical physics. These articles may be of any length and are peer reviewed. -Technical Notes: These should be no longer than 3000 words, including key references. -Letters to the Editor: Comments on papers published in JACMP or on any other matters of interest to clinical medical physics. These should not be more than 1250 (including the literature) and their publication is only based on the decision of the editor, who occasionally asks experts on the merit of the contents. -Book Reviews: The editorial office solicits Book Reviews. -Announcements of Forthcoming Meetings: The Editor may provide notice of forthcoming meetings, course offerings, and other events relevant to clinical medical physics. -Parallel Opposed Editorial: We welcome topics relevant to clinical practice and medical physics profession. The contents can be controversial debate or opposed aspects of an issue. One author argues for the position and the other against. Each side of the debate contains an opening statement up to 800 words, followed by a rebuttal up to 500 words. Readers interested in participating in this series should contact the moderator with a proposed title and a short description of the topic
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