泽布牛的肠道甲烷排放受牧场饲料质量和采食量季节性变化的影响

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1016/j.animal.2024.101320

G.X. Gbenou , M.H. Assouma , D. Bastianelli , T. Kiendrebeogo , L. Bonnal , N. Zampaligre , B. Bois , S. Sanogo , O. Sib , C. Martin , L.H. Dossa

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引用次数: 0

摘要

从雨季到旱季，萨赫勒地区用于饲喂反刍动物的牧场饲料资源在数量和质量上都大幅下降。虽然全世界都普遍认为饲料供应的季节性会影响摄入量，进而影响肠道甲烷（eCH4）的排放，但基于该地区 eCH4 体内测量的参考资料却很少。本研究的目的是检验饲料供应的季节性会影响反刍动物的摄入量并进而影响其 eCH4 的假设。因此，在一年中的三个主要季节（雨季：WS；冷旱季：CDS；热旱季：HDS）对苏丹富拉尼犎牛体内的 eCH4 进行了测量。实验对象是 10 头年龄为 32 个月的阉牛，平均（± SD）初始体重为 138 ± 5.8 千克（即 0.55 热带家畜单位 - TLU），并单独圈养。按照牧民的饲养方式，每季用天然牧场收获的饲料喂养牲畜，即在 WS 区喂养青饲料，在 CDS 和 HDS 区喂养干草饲料。向牲畜提供不同水平的饲料，以再现牧场一年中饲料供应的梯度（六次试验）：在CDS期间，给牲畜提供3.3%体重的饲料；在HDS期间，先后给牲畜提供3.3%、2.3%和1.4%体重的饲料；在WS期间，先后两次给牲畜提供2.3%体重的饲料。每次试验持续 3 周，其中 2 周为饲料适应期，1 周为数据收集期。对每头动物的体重、自愿DM摄入量、DM消化率和OM消化率以及eCH4（GreenFeed®系统）进行了测量。不同季节的饲料成分差异很大（P < 0.05）。DM摄入量（克/千克体重/天）从CDS的23.9变化到HDS的15.7和WS的22.3（P < 0.001）。CDS的DM消化率为0.50，HDS为0.46，WS为0.57。eCH4 产量（克/千克 DM 日摄入量）的变化很大，从 CDS 的 25.2 到 HDS 的 31.8 和 WS 的 20.5。全年推断，不分季节，阉牛的 eCH4 排放量为 68.1 克/天（24.6 克/千克 DM 日摄入量，46.7 ± 3.34 千克 eCH4/TLU/年）。因此，在国家清单中必须考虑不同地区和主要季节记录的各种参数的变化，以完善撒哈拉以南非洲地区反刍动物的 eCH4 数据。

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Enteric methane emissions from zebu cattle are influenced by seasonal variations in rangeland fodder quality and intake

Rangeland fodder resources used to feed ruminants in the Sahel decline considerably in both quantity and quality from the wet to dry seasons. While it is widely assumed worldwide that this seasonality of fodder supply impacts intake levels and therefore enteric methane (eCH₄) emissions, there are very few references based on in vivo measurements of eCH₄ in this region. The purpose of this study was to test the assumption that the seasonality of fodder supply impacts intake levels and consequently eCH₄ in ruminants. Thus, eCH₄ was measured in vivo in Sudanese Fulani zebu cattle during three main seasons of the year (wet season: WS, cold dry season: CDS, and hot dry season: HDS). The experiment was carried out on 10 steers aged 32 months with an average (± SD) initial BW of 138 ± 5.8 kg (i.e. 0.55 Tropical Livestock Unit − TLU) and kept in individual pens. Animals were fed with natural rangeland fodder harvested each season following herders’ practices, i.e. green fodder in the WS and dry fodder hay in the CDS and HDS. Different levels of fodder were offered to the animals to reproduce the gradient of fodder availability on rangelands over the year (six trials): 3.3% BW during the CDS; 3.3, 2.3, and 1.4% BW successively during the HDS; and 2.3% in two sequential studies in the WS. Each trial lasted 3 weeks, split into 2 weeks of fodder adaptation and 1 week of data collection. The BW, quantity of voluntary DM intake, digestibility of DM digestibility and of OM digestibility, and eCH₄ (GreenFeed® system) were measured for each animal. Fodder composition varied considerably between seasons (P < 0.05). The DM intake (g/kg BW per day) varied from 23.9 in CDS to 15.7 in HDS and 22.3 in WS (P < 0.001). The DM digestibility varied from 0.50 in CDS to 0.46 in HDS and 0.57 in WS. The eCH₄ yields (g/kg DM intake per day) varied significantly from 25.2 in the CDS to 31.8 in the HDS and 20.5 in the WS. When extrapolated over a full year and irrespective of season, eCH₄ emissions for steers amounted to 68.1 g/d (24.6 g/kg DM intake per day, 46.7 ± 3.34 kg of eCH₄/TLU per year). Variations in the various parameters recorded in different areas and during the main seasons must therefore be accounted for in national inventories to refine eCH₄ data for ruminants in Sub-Saharan Africa.

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来源期刊

Animal 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

2.80%

发文量

246

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Editorial board animal attracts the best research in animal biology and animal systems from across the spectrum of the agricultural, biomedical, and environmental sciences. It is the central element in an exciting collaboration between the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP) and represents a merging of three scientific journals: Animal Science; Animal Research; Reproduction, Nutrition, Development. animal publishes original cutting-edge research, ''hot'' topics and horizon-scanning reviews on animal-related aspects of the life sciences at the molecular, cellular, organ, whole animal and production system levels. The main subject areas include: breeding and genetics; nutrition; physiology and functional biology of systems; behaviour, health and welfare; farming systems, environmental impact and climate change; product quality, human health and well-being. Animal models and papers dealing with the integration of research between these topics and their impact on the environment and people are particularly welcome.