{"title":"对多形性胶质母细胞瘤中的 SH2D4A 进行生物信息学分析，以评估免疫特征和预测预后。","authors":"Tian Yang, Chujun Li, Duo Xu, Rui Quan, Lansheng Wang, Yanhong Ren, Zhengkui Zhang, Rutong Yu","doi":"10.21037/tcr-23-2000","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer in adults. This study aimed to obtain data on immune cell infiltration based on public datasets and to examine the prognostic significance of SH2 domain containing 4A (<i>SH2D4A</i>) for GBM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>SH2D4A</i> expression in GBM was analyzed using a Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource (TIMER) 2.0 dataset, and a gene expression profile interaction analysis (GEPIA), and the results were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset was used to assess the effect of <i>SH2D4A</i> on GBM patient survival. The <i>SH2D4A</i> co-expression network of the LinkedOmics dataset and GeneMANIA dataset was also investigated. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models and a nomogram were constructed to assess the prognosis of GBM patients. A Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset to find functional differences. The relationship between <i>SH2D4A</i> expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was analyzed using xCELL, the Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm, and the TIMER dataset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We discovered that <i>SH2D4A</i> expression was upregulated in GBM patients, and elevated SH2D4A expression was also substantially correlated with tumor grade. The survival curve analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high <i>SH2D4A</i> expression was a significant independent predictor of poor overall survival (OS) in GBM patients. The immunoassay results suggested that altered <i>SH2D4A</i> expression may affect the immune infiltration of GBM tissues and thus the survival outcomes of GBM patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In addition to being a possible prognostic marker and therapeutic target for GBM, <i>SH2D4A</i> may also accelerate the progression of GBM.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 8","pages":"4242-4256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11384316/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Bioinformatics analysis of <i>SH2D4A</i> in glioblastoma multiforme to evaluate immune features and predict prognosis.\",\"authors\":\"Tian Yang, Chujun Li, Duo Xu, Rui Quan, Lansheng Wang, Yanhong Ren, Zhengkui Zhang, Rutong Yu\",\"doi\":\"10.21037/tcr-23-2000\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer in adults. This study aimed to obtain data on immune cell infiltration based on public datasets and to examine the prognostic significance of SH2 domain containing 4A (<i>SH2D4A</i>) for GBM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>SH2D4A</i> expression in GBM was analyzed using a Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource (TIMER) 2.0 dataset, and a gene expression profile interaction analysis (GEPIA), and the results were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset was used to assess the effect of <i>SH2D4A</i> on GBM patient survival. The <i>SH2D4A</i> co-expression network of the LinkedOmics dataset and GeneMANIA dataset was also investigated. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models and a nomogram were constructed to assess the prognosis of GBM patients. A Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset to find functional differences. The relationship between <i>SH2D4A</i> expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was analyzed using xCELL, the Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm, and the TIMER dataset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We discovered that <i>SH2D4A</i> expression was upregulated in GBM patients, and elevated SH2D4A expression was also substantially correlated with tumor grade. The survival curve analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high <i>SH2D4A</i> expression was a significant independent predictor of poor overall survival (OS) in GBM patients. The immunoassay results suggested that altered <i>SH2D4A</i> expression may affect the immune infiltration of GBM tissues and thus the survival outcomes of GBM patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In addition to being a possible prognostic marker and therapeutic target for GBM, <i>SH2D4A</i> may also accelerate the progression of GBM.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23216,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Translational cancer research\",\"volume\":\"13 8\",\"pages\":\"4242-4256\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11384316/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Translational cancer research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-23-2000\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/8/23 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ONCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Translational cancer research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-23-2000","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/23 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioinformatics analysis of SH2D4A in glioblastoma multiforme to evaluate immune features and predict prognosis.
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer in adults. This study aimed to obtain data on immune cell infiltration based on public datasets and to examine the prognostic significance of SH2 domain containing 4A (SH2D4A) for GBM.
Methods: SH2D4A expression in GBM was analyzed using a Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource (TIMER) 2.0 dataset, and a gene expression profile interaction analysis (GEPIA), and the results were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset was used to assess the effect of SH2D4A on GBM patient survival. The SH2D4A co-expression network of the LinkedOmics dataset and GeneMANIA dataset was also investigated. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models and a nomogram were constructed to assess the prognosis of GBM patients. A Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset to find functional differences. The relationship between SH2D4A expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was analyzed using xCELL, the Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm, and the TIMER dataset.
Results: We discovered that SH2D4A expression was upregulated in GBM patients, and elevated SH2D4A expression was also substantially correlated with tumor grade. The survival curve analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high SH2D4A expression was a significant independent predictor of poor overall survival (OS) in GBM patients. The immunoassay results suggested that altered SH2D4A expression may affect the immune infiltration of GBM tissues and thus the survival outcomes of GBM patients.
Conclusions: In addition to being a possible prognostic marker and therapeutic target for GBM, SH2D4A may also accelerate the progression of GBM.
期刊介绍：
Translational Cancer Research (Transl Cancer Res TCR; Print ISSN: 2218-676X; Online ISSN 2219-6803; http://tcr.amegroups.com/) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed journal, indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE). TCR publishes laboratory studies of novel therapeutic interventions as well as clinical trials which evaluate new treatment paradigms for cancer; results of novel research investigations which bridge the laboratory and clinical settings including risk assessment, cellular and molecular characterization, prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment of human cancers with the overall goal of improving the clinical care of cancer patients. The focus of TCR is original, peer-reviewed, science-based research that successfully advances clinical medicine toward the goal of improving patients'' quality of life. The editors and an international advisory group of scientists and clinician-scientists as well as other experts will hold TCR articles to the high-quality standards. We accept Original Articles as well as Review Articles, Editorials and Brief Articles.
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