Ryan Pai, Souptik Barua, Bo Sung Kim, Maya McDonald, Raven A Wierzchowska-McNew, Amruta Pai, Nicolaas E P Deutz, David Kerr, Ashutosh Sabharwal
{"title":"利用连续血糖监测和机器学习估算 2 型糖尿病患者或高危人群的早餐特征。","authors":"Ryan Pai, Souptik Barua, Bo Sung Kim, Maya McDonald, Raven A Wierzchowska-McNew, Amruta Pai, Nicolaas E P Deutz, David Kerr, Ashutosh Sabharwal","doi":"10.1177/19322968241274800","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems allow detailed assessment of postprandial glucose responses (PPGR), offering new insights into food choices' impact on dysglycemia. However, current approaches to analyze PPGR using a CGM require manual meal logging, limiting the scalability of CGM-driven applications like personalized nutrition and at-home diabetes risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We propose a machine learning (ML) framework to automatically identify and characterize breakfast-related PPGRs from CGM profiles in adults at risk of or living with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our PPGR estimation framework uses a random forest ML algorithm trained on 15 adults without diabetes who wore a CGM for up to four weeks. The algorithm performance was evaluated on a held-out subset of the participants' CGM data as well as on an external validation data set of 36 individuals at risk for or with noninsulin-treated T2D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our algorithm's estimations of breakfast PPGRs displayed no statistically significant differences to annotated PPGRs, in terms of incremental area under the curve and glucose rise (<i>P</i> > .05 for both data sets), while a small difference in prebreakfast glucose was found in the nondiabetes data set (<i>P</i> = .005) but not in the validation T2D data set (<i>P</i> = .18).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We designed an ML framework to automatically estimate the timing of meal events from CGM data in individuals without diabetes and in individuals at risk or with T2D. This could provide a more scalable approach for analyzing postprandial glycemia, increasing the feasibility of CGM-based precision nutrition and diabetes risk assessment applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Estimating Breakfast Characteristics Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Machine Learning in Adults With or at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes.\",\"authors\":\"Ryan Pai, Souptik Barua, Bo Sung Kim, Maya McDonald, Raven A Wierzchowska-McNew, Amruta Pai, Nicolaas E P Deutz, David Kerr, Ashutosh Sabharwal\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/19322968241274800\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems allow detailed assessment of postprandial glucose responses (PPGR), offering new insights into food choices' impact on dysglycemia. However, current approaches to analyze PPGR using a CGM require manual meal logging, limiting the scalability of CGM-driven applications like personalized nutrition and at-home diabetes risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We propose a machine learning (ML) framework to automatically identify and characterize breakfast-related PPGRs from CGM profiles in adults at risk of or living with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our PPGR estimation framework uses a random forest ML algorithm trained on 15 adults without diabetes who wore a CGM for up to four weeks. The algorithm performance was evaluated on a held-out subset of the participants' CGM data as well as on an external validation data set of 36 individuals at risk for or with noninsulin-treated T2D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our algorithm's estimations of breakfast PPGRs displayed no statistically significant differences to annotated PPGRs, in terms of incremental area under the curve and glucose rise (<i>P</i> > .05 for both data sets), while a small difference in prebreakfast glucose was found in the nondiabetes data set (<i>P</i> = .005) but not in the validation T2D data set (<i>P</i> = .18).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We designed an ML framework to automatically estimate the timing of meal events from CGM data in individuals without diabetes and in individuals at risk or with T2D. This could provide a more scalable approach for analyzing postprandial glycemia, increasing the feasibility of CGM-based precision nutrition and diabetes risk assessment applications.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15475,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-23\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968241274800\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968241274800","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
Estimating Breakfast Characteristics Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Machine Learning in Adults With or at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes.
Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems allow detailed assessment of postprandial glucose responses (PPGR), offering new insights into food choices' impact on dysglycemia. However, current approaches to analyze PPGR using a CGM require manual meal logging, limiting the scalability of CGM-driven applications like personalized nutrition and at-home diabetes risk assessment.
Objective: We propose a machine learning (ML) framework to automatically identify and characterize breakfast-related PPGRs from CGM profiles in adults at risk of or living with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods: Our PPGR estimation framework uses a random forest ML algorithm trained on 15 adults without diabetes who wore a CGM for up to four weeks. The algorithm performance was evaluated on a held-out subset of the participants' CGM data as well as on an external validation data set of 36 individuals at risk for or with noninsulin-treated T2D.
Results: Our algorithm's estimations of breakfast PPGRs displayed no statistically significant differences to annotated PPGRs, in terms of incremental area under the curve and glucose rise (P > .05 for both data sets), while a small difference in prebreakfast glucose was found in the nondiabetes data set (P = .005) but not in the validation T2D data set (P = .18).
Conclusions: We designed an ML framework to automatically estimate the timing of meal events from CGM data in individuals without diabetes and in individuals at risk or with T2D. This could provide a more scalable approach for analyzing postprandial glycemia, increasing the feasibility of CGM-based precision nutrition and diabetes risk assessment applications.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology (JDST) is a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Diabetes Technology Society. JDST covers scientific and clinical aspects of diabetes technology including glucose monitoring, insulin and metabolic peptide delivery, the artificial pancreas, digital health, precision medicine, social media, cybersecurity, software for modeling, physiologic monitoring, technology for managing obesity, and diagnostic tests of glycation. The journal also covers the development and use of mobile applications and wireless communication, as well as bioengineered tools such as MEMS, new biomaterials, and nanotechnology to develop new sensors. Articles in JDST cover both basic research and clinical applications of technologies being developed to help people with diabetes.