墨西哥的肝硬化和移植情况:主要病因的变化和作为应对措施的移植。

IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肝硬化的病因包括酗酒、病毒感染(乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV))、酒精相关性肝病(ALD)和脂肪肝相关代谢功能障碍(MASLD)等。近年来,肝硬化的发病率有所上升,2017 年的发病率为每 10 万人 1395 例,死亡率为每 10 万人 18 例,相当于 147.2 万人死亡。在墨西哥,肝病是一个公共卫生问题,因为 2022 年有 41890 人死于肝病,其中包括肝硬化(>25000 人)和急性肝病(14927 人)。这意味着每天有 114 人死于这些病因,在所有病因中排名第 4 至第 5 位。据估计,MASLD 的全球发病率占世界总人口的 25%,而在儿童中的发病率可能更高。据估计,2023 年墨西哥人口的发病率将高达 41.3%。饮酒因其高发率和相关发病率而成为一个全球性健康问题,有 32.9% 的人与 ALD 有关,死亡率为 23.9%,主要是由于肝脏相关原因。在墨西哥,所有肝硬化病例中的 23% 都患有 ALD。在过去几年中,由于实施了筛查检测、疫苗和直接作用抗病毒药物计划,HCV 和 HBV 的发病率发生了变化。病因发生了转变,MASLD 增加,病毒性病因减少。为应对肝硬化病例的增加,有效的肝脏移植手术越来越多,包括最近授权的中心。这些努力是必要的,而预防策略则应根据主要病因来实施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A landscape of liver cirrhosis and transplantation in Mexico: Changing leading causes and transplant as response
Liver cirrhosis causes include alcoholism, viral infections (hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD), among others. Cirrhosis frequency has increased in recent years, with a prevalence of 1395 cases per 100,000 and a mortality rate of 18 per 100,000, which corresponded to 1,472,000 deaths during 2017. In Mexico, liver disease is a public health problem since it was associated to 41,890 deaths in 2022, including liver cirrhosis (>25,000) and ALD (14,927). This represents 114 daily deaths due to these causes, and corresponds to the 4th or 5th place of all causes. The global prevalence of MASLD is estimated to affect 25% of the world's population, while in the pediatric population it could be higher. In Mexican population it is more prevalent since estimations were around 41.3% in 2023. Alcohol consumption, a global health issue due to its high prevalence and associated morbidities, is associated to ALD in 32.9%, with a mortality rate of 23.9%, primarily due to liver-related causes. In Mexico, ALD is present in 23% of all cirrhosis cases, already surpassed by hepatitis B cases in 2009. HCV and HBV frequencies changed due to programs implementing screening detection, vaccines and direct-acting antivirals during the last years. A switch of causes has occurred, increasing MASLD and diminishing viral causes. Efficient performed liver transplantation has grown as a response to increasing cirrhosis cases, including recent authorized centers. These efforts are necessary, whereas preventive strategies should be implemented according to leading causes.
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来源期刊
Annals of hepatology
Annals of hepatology 医学-胃肠肝病学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.60%
发文量
183
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Annals of Hepatology publishes original research on the biology and diseases of the liver in both humans and experimental models. Contributions may be submitted as regular articles. The journal also publishes concise reviews of both basic and clinical topics.
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