南非克尼斯纳非洲山地森林三十年的动态停滞

IF 1.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Austral Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI:10.1111/aec.13594
Jeremy J. Midgley, Michael D. Cramer, Graham Durrheim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们分析了莉莉夫莱自然保护区(Lilyvlei Nature Reserve)108 个永久性地块近 31 年(1991-2022 年)的树木种群动态,每个地块面积为 0.04 公顷。克尼斯纳森林是南非唯一的大片森林,也是高大森林的边缘地带,年平均降雨量较低,仅约 1000 毫米,土壤养分贫瘠。与对全球其他森林的许多研究相比,我们发现总体生物量几乎没有变化。即使以我们的小地块规模和 10-30 年的时间尺度来看,变化也很小。森林的新陈代谢率和死亡率都很低,因此生长率也很低。在这 30 年间,气候的变化也很小。每个大小等级的茎干死亡比例集中在每个物种的较大大小等级,即使是较矮的物种也是如此。这表明,衰老而非外来干扰决定了森林的低死亡率,从而决定了森林的低活力和高生物量(约 600 兆克/公顷-1AGB 或 41 平方米/公顷-1 基部面积)。一些物种的死亡率超过了同种物种的繁殖率,这一趋势伴随着生物量的非显著下降。不过,这些趋势并不显著。总之,在 30 年的时间里,这些森林的成分和生物量都没有发生显著变化。这表明并非所有南半球森林都处于衰退状态。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Thirty years of stasis in the dynamics of the Knysna Afro-montane forest, South Africa

Thirty years of stasis in the dynamics of the Knysna Afro-montane forest, South Africa

We analysed nearly 31 years (1991–2022) of tree population dynamics in 108 permanent plots each 0.04 ha of the Lilyvlei Nature Reserve, a section of the Knysna Forest in South Africa which has not historically been disturbed by harvesting. The Knysna Forest is the only large piece of forest in South Africa and is marginal for tall forest, having low mean annual rainfall of only about 1000 mm and occurs on nutrient poor soils. In contrast to many studies of other forests globally, we found almost no change in overall biomass. Even at the scale of our small plots and on 10–30 year time scales, there has been little change. The forest has very low recruitment and mortality rates and thus low growth rates. Climatic changes too were minimal over this 30-year period. The proportion of stems that died per size class was concentrated in the larger size-classes per species, even for shorter species. This suggests that senescence rather than external disturbances determines the low mortality and thus the low dynamism and the high biomass (approx. 600 Mg ha−1AGB or 41 m2 ha−1 basal area) of the forest. Mortality of some species exceeded conspecific recruitment, a trend accompanied by non-significant declines in biomass. However, these trends are not significant. In conclusion, neither composition nor biomass has changed significantly in these forests over a period of 30 years. This suggests that not all Southern Hemisphere forests are in a state of decline.

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来源期刊
Austral Ecology
Austral Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
117
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Austral Ecology is the premier journal for basic and applied ecology in the Southern Hemisphere. As the official Journal of The Ecological Society of Australia (ESA), Austral Ecology addresses the commonality between ecosystems in Australia and many parts of southern Africa, South America, New Zealand and Oceania. For example many species in the unique biotas of these regions share common Gondwana ancestors. ESA''s aim is to publish innovative research to encourage the sharing of information and experiences that enrich the understanding of the ecology of the Southern Hemisphere. Austral Ecology involves an editorial board with representatives from Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, Brazil and Argentina. These representatives provide expert opinions, access to qualified reviewers and act as a focus for attracting a wide range of contributions from countries across the region. Austral Ecology publishes original papers describing experimental, observational or theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine or freshwater systems, which are considered without taxonomic bias. Special thematic issues are published regularly, including symposia on the ecology of estuaries and soft sediment habitats, freshwater systems and coral reef fish.
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