{"title":"加工条件对激光粉末床熔融 (L-PBF) 制成的 CuCr1Zr 零件熔池稳定性的影响的数值和实验分析","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.111801","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Processing CuCr1Zr copper alloy using the L-PBF process is extremely difficult due to its high reflectivity at the common L-PBF wavelength of 1064 nm and high thermal conductivity. Therefore, previous studies utilized a high laser power energy density to perform the 3D printing of CuCr1Zr parts. However, at high laser energy densities, the physics that lead to the formation of the melt pool, such as the laser absorption, Marangoni force, and recoil pressure, are extremely complex. Notably, these phenomena have both individual and interactive effects on the stability of the melt pool. Thus, identifying the processing conditions (i.e., laser power, scanning speed, and hatching space) that lead to stable scan tracks and smooth surface scanning through experimental trial-and-error methods is costly and time-consuming. Accordingly, this study develops a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation model that considers the effects of all three factors on the formation of the CuCr1Zr melt pool. The simulation model is verified with experimental data reported in the literature. The verified model is then utilized to determine the L-PBF processing conditions that lead to stable scan tracks and surface scanning. The numerical and experimental results reveal that the laser power of 500 W, scanning speed of 600 mm/s, and hatching spaces between 80 and 100 µm ensure the stability of both single-scan tracks and surface scanning and yield a smooth surface morphology as a result.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Numerical and experimental analysis of effects of processing conditions on melt pool stability of CuCr1Zr parts produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.111801\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Processing CuCr1Zr copper alloy using the L-PBF process is extremely difficult due to its high reflectivity at the common L-PBF wavelength of 1064 nm and high thermal conductivity. Therefore, previous studies utilized a high laser power energy density to perform the 3D printing of CuCr1Zr parts. However, at high laser energy densities, the physics that lead to the formation of the melt pool, such as the laser absorption, Marangoni force, and recoil pressure, are extremely complex. Notably, these phenomena have both individual and interactive effects on the stability of the melt pool. Thus, identifying the processing conditions (i.e., laser power, scanning speed, and hatching space) that lead to stable scan tracks and smooth surface scanning through experimental trial-and-error methods is costly and time-consuming. Accordingly, this study develops a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation model that considers the effects of all three factors on the formation of the CuCr1Zr melt pool. The simulation model is verified with experimental data reported in the literature. The verified model is then utilized to determine the L-PBF processing conditions that lead to stable scan tracks and surface scanning. The numerical and experimental results reveal that the laser power of 500 W, scanning speed of 600 mm/s, and hatching spaces between 80 and 100 µm ensure the stability of both single-scan tracks and surface scanning and yield a smooth surface morphology as a result.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19511,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Optics and Laser Technology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Optics and Laser Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030399224012593\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"OPTICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics and Laser Technology","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030399224012593","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerical and experimental analysis of effects of processing conditions on melt pool stability of CuCr1Zr parts produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)
Processing CuCr1Zr copper alloy using the L-PBF process is extremely difficult due to its high reflectivity at the common L-PBF wavelength of 1064 nm and high thermal conductivity. Therefore, previous studies utilized a high laser power energy density to perform the 3D printing of CuCr1Zr parts. However, at high laser energy densities, the physics that lead to the formation of the melt pool, such as the laser absorption, Marangoni force, and recoil pressure, are extremely complex. Notably, these phenomena have both individual and interactive effects on the stability of the melt pool. Thus, identifying the processing conditions (i.e., laser power, scanning speed, and hatching space) that lead to stable scan tracks and smooth surface scanning through experimental trial-and-error methods is costly and time-consuming. Accordingly, this study develops a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation model that considers the effects of all three factors on the formation of the CuCr1Zr melt pool. The simulation model is verified with experimental data reported in the literature. The verified model is then utilized to determine the L-PBF processing conditions that lead to stable scan tracks and surface scanning. The numerical and experimental results reveal that the laser power of 500 W, scanning speed of 600 mm/s, and hatching spaces between 80 and 100 µm ensure the stability of both single-scan tracks and surface scanning and yield a smooth surface morphology as a result.
期刊介绍:
Optics & Laser Technology aims to provide a vehicle for the publication of a broad range of high quality research and review papers in those fields of scientific and engineering research appertaining to the development and application of the technology of optics and lasers. Papers describing original work in these areas are submitted to rigorous refereeing prior to acceptance for publication.
The scope of Optics & Laser Technology encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas:
•development in all types of lasers
•developments in optoelectronic devices and photonics
•developments in new photonics and optical concepts
•developments in conventional optics, optical instruments and components
•techniques of optical metrology, including interferometry and optical fibre sensors
•LIDAR and other non-contact optical measurement techniques, including optical methods in heat and fluid flow
•applications of lasers to materials processing, optical NDT display (including holography) and optical communication
•research and development in the field of laser safety including studies of hazards resulting from the applications of lasers (laser safety, hazards of laser fume)
•developments in optical computing and optical information processing
•developments in new optical materials
•developments in new optical characterization methods and techniques
•developments in quantum optics
•developments in light assisted micro and nanofabrication methods and techniques
•developments in nanophotonics and biophotonics
•developments in imaging processing and systems