Tomas Jungwirth, Rafael M. Fernandes, Jairo Sinova, Libor Smejkal
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引用次数: 0
摘要
最近发现的变磁体为凝聚态有序相领域开辟了新的前景。在强相关超流体中,$^{3}$He和铜酸盐的对偶p波和d波有序相因其丰富的对称性破缺阶参数现象学而在物理学中发挥着重要作用。在过去的半个世纪里,人们对 p 波和 d 波超流体进行了广泛的研究,但几十年来,人们对其磁性对应物的物质实现却一直茫然无知。最近,在自旋电子学领域研究高度可扩展信息技术的推动下,人们发现了超磁体。超微磁体具有 d 波、g 波或 i 波磁有序性,并具有自旋极化和自旋退化节点交替的特征。在此,我们回顾了如何从晶格中对偶自旋密度的对称性中识别出另一种磁性,以及如何在各种绝缘和导电材料中实现正常条件下的另一种磁性。我们强调了变磁有序的突出电子结构特征,讨论了其带状结构中出现的非凡相对论和拓扑现象,并对强相关效应进行了评论。然后,我们将讨论扩展到晶体中的非共线性密度,包括对 p 波磁体的预测,最后简要总结了经回顾的节点磁有序相的物理特性。
Altermagnets and beyond: Nodal magnetically-ordered phases
The recent discovery of altermagnets has opened new perspectives in the field
of ordered phases in condensed matter. In strongly-correlated superfluids, the
nodal p-wave and d-wave ordered phases of $^{3}$He and cuprates play a
prominent role in physics for their rich phenomenology of the symmetry-breaking
order parameters. While the p-wave and d-wave superfluids have been extensively
studied over the past half a century, material realizations of their magnetic
counterparts have remained elusive for many decades. This is resolved in
altermagnets, whose recent discovery was driven by research in the field of
spintronics towards highly scalable information technologies. Altermagnets
feature d, g or i-wave magnetic ordering, with a characteristic alternation of
spin polarization and spin-degenerate nodes. Here we review how altermagnetism
can be identified from symmetries of collinear spin densities in crystal
lattices, and can be realized at normal conditions in a broad family of
insulating and conducting materials. We highlight salient electronic-structure
signatures of the altermagnetic ordering, discuss extraordinary relativistic
and topological phenomena that emerge in their band structures, and comment on
strong-correlation effects. We then extend the discussion to non-collinear spin
densities in crystals, including the prediction of p-wave magnets, and conclude
with a brief summary of the reviewed physical properties of the nodal
magnetically-ordered phases.