Enhancing VANET communication using squid game optimization based energy aware clustering approach

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are studied wireless networks that enable communication among vehicles and roadside infrastructure. The role a vital play in improving on-road safety, efficacy, and convenience by enabling real-time data interchange for controlling traffic, infotainment services, and collision avoidance. Energy efficiency in VANETs is vital because of the restricted power resources of vehicles. Methods like clustering, vehicles are categorized into groups to decrease communication overhead, and meta-heuristic approaches that optimize network performance by intelligent problem-solving approaches are deployed to exploit energy efficiency while preserving network reliability and responsiveness. These methodologies contribute to the effective implementation of VANETs, ensuring sustainable and dependable communication in dynamic vehicular environments. In this study, a new Squid Game Optimization based Energy Aware Clustering Approach (SGO-EACA) technique for VANET is introduced. The goal of the SGO-EACA technique is to optimally choose the cluster heads (CHs) and produce clusters in the VANET in such a way as to realize energy efficiency. In the SGO-EACA technique, the concept of typical Korean sport is used where the attackers try to achieve their goal, but players try to eliminate each other. Moreover, the SGO-EACA approach derives a fitness function (FF) containing multiple metrics such as Residual Energy (RE), Trust Level, Degree Difference, Total Energy consumption, Distance to Base Station (DBS), and Mobility. The simulation values exposed that the SGO-EACA approach surpassed earlier state-of-the-art approaches with respect to various aspects.