存在表观相互作用时的误差阈值

David A. Herrera-Martí
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引用次数: 0

摘要

复制错误率较高的病毒种群(如 RNA 病毒)的模型依赖于准物种概念,其中突变压力超过所谓的 "错误阈值 "会导致基本遗传信息的丢失和种群崩溃,这种效应被称为 "错误灾难"。我们解释了如何将突变率增加导致的跨越这一阈值理解为二阶相变,即使存在致死突变也是如此。我们特别指出,在具有单一峰值的适配地貌中,这种坍塌等同于铁-顺磁转换,其中后向突变率扮演了外部磁场的角色。然后,我们将这一框架推广到崎岖的适配性景观,比如由表观相互作用产生的景观,并提供了数值证据,证明与单峰景观类似,存在着从高平均适配性机制向低平均适配性机制的过渡。突变率的突然变化预示着过渡的开始。我们利用了自旋玻璃中复制对称性破坏机制的启示,特别是考虑到基因型相似性分布的波动是一个阶参数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Error Thresholds in Presence of Epistatic Interactions
Models for viral populations with high replication error rates (such as RNA viruses) rely on the quasi-species concept, in which mutational pressure beyond the so-called ``Error Threshold" leads to a loss of essential genetic information and population collapse, an effect known as the ``Error Catastrophe". We explain how crossing this threshold, as a result of increasing mutation rates, can be understood as a second order phase transition, even in the presence of lethal mutations. In particular, we show that, in fitness landscapes with a single peak, this collapse is equivalent to a ferro-paramagnetic transition, where the back-mutation rate plays the role of the external magnetic field. We then generalise this framework to rugged fitness landscapes, like the ones that arise from epistatic interactions, and provide numerical evidence that there is a transition from a high average fitness regime to a low average fitness one, similarly to single-peaked landscapes. The onset of the transition is heralded by a sudden change in the susceptibility to changes in the mutation rate. We use insight from Replica Symmetry Breaking mechanisms in spin glasses, in particular by considering that the fluctuations of the genotype similarity distribution are an order parameter.
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