Hippeastrum papilio (Ravena) Van Sheepen 水培植物的生长动态和加兰他敏的生物合成

Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.3390/agronomy14092115
Gabriela Haist, Borjana Sidjimova, Rumen Denev, Jaume Bastida, Strahil Berkov
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摘要

Hippeastrum papilio (Ravena) van Sheepen 是一种球茎状常绿树种,被认为是一种潜在的加兰他敏新来源。这种天然化合物已获得美国食品及药物管理局(FDA)批准,用于阿尔茨海默病的认知治疗。为了优化该物种的加兰他敏产量,有必要研究植株年龄和施肥对生物碱含量的影响,以及生物碱和生物量在植株器官中的积累动态。不同年龄的 H. papilio 植物在离体适应(0 岁)和先前生长了一个(1 岁)和两个(2 岁)植被季节后,在水淹排水系统中用不同的肥料溶液栽培了 6 个月。在植被结束时收集根、鳞茎和叶片样本,测量新鲜和干燥的生物量,然后通过气相色谱-质谱分析确定其生物碱含量。根据树龄和肥料的不同,根部的半夏胺含量从 4.5 ± 1.8 到 11.2 ± 2.8 毫克/克(干重)不等,鳞茎的半夏胺含量从 3.4 ± 0.5 到 5.8 ± 1.3 毫克/克(干重)不等,叶片的半夏胺含量从 3.2 ± 0.3 到 5.7 ± 0.6 毫克/克(干重)不等。鳞茎中积累了大部分(53-61%)的加兰他敏,而叶片和根中分别储存了 25-30% 和 13-19%。肥料中较高的氮、钾和钙含量并不会对 1 号和 2 号植株的生物碱产量产生积极影响。尽管单株生物量积累较低,但由于种植密度较高,种植两季(1龄)的植株在植被结束时的加兰他敏产量(每平方米)与种植三季(2龄)的植株相当。对植被期 1 龄植物生物碱和生物量积累动态的研究表明,植被初期植物器官中的加兰他敏含量最高。不过,植被末期仍是收获植物生物质以提取加兰他敏的最佳时机。水耕栽培 H. papilio 是生产加兰他敏的一种有趣的替代方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dynamics of Growth and Galanthamine Biosynthesis in Hippeastrum papilio (Ravena) Van Sheepen Hydroponic Culture
Hippeastrum papilio (Ravena) van Sheepen is a bulbous evergreen species and considered a potential new source of galanthamine. This natural compound approved by the FDA is used for the cognitive treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. To optimize the galanthamine yield from this species, it is necessary to study the effects of plant age and fertilization on the alkaloid content, as well as alkaloid and biomass accumulation dynamics in plant organs. H. papilio plants of different ages, which were ex vitro acclimatized (age 0) and previously grown for one (age 1) and two (age 2) vegetation seasons, were cultivated in a flood and drain hydroponic system with different fertilizer solutions for six months. Samples from the roots, bulbs, and leaves were gathered at the end of the vegetation, and the fresh and dry biomasses were measured and then analyzed by GC–MS to establish their alkaloid content. Depending on the age and fertilizer, the galanthamine content varied from 4.5 ± 1.8 to 11.2 ± 2.8 mg/g DW in the roots, from 3.4 ± 0.5 to 5.8 ± 1.3 mg/g DW in the bulbs, and from 3.2 ± 0.3 to 5.7 ± 0.6 mg/g DW in the leaves. The main part (53–61%) of galanthamine was accumulated in the bulbs, while the leaves and roots stored 25–30% and 13–19%, respectively. Higher amounts of N, K, and Ca in the fertilizer did not positively influence the alkaloid yield in plants of ages 1 and 2. Despite the lower biomass accumulation per individual, the plants grown for two seasons (age 1) showed a comparable galanthamine yield (per square meter) at the end of vegetation to those grown for three seasons (age 2) due to their higher density of cultivation. The dynamics of alkaloid and biomass accumulation, studied in plants from age 1 during the vegetation season, showed that the highest galanthamine content in the plant organs is at the beginning of vegetation. Still, the end of vegetation is the best time to harvest the plant biomass for galanthamine extraction. Hydroponic cultivation of H. papilio is an interesting alternative for the production of galanthamine.
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