资本密集型产品保修维修需求的备件供应战略

IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL
Wei Xie, Zhaohan Liu, Kani Fu, Shuneng Zhong
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对于生产电动汽车等资本密集型产品的制造商来说,备件库存成本是提供售后服务的一项不可忽视的支出。特别是在保修服务中,合理管理备件库存,既能满足客户的保修要求,又能降低相关库存成本,显得尤为重要。在本文中,我们研究了与保修期内产品的关键部件相关的备件库存问题。具体而言,在免费更换保修政策下,故障部件将通过消耗备件库存更换为新部件。根据现场索赔数据,我们发现保修索赔的总体趋势是非平稳的,会受到产品销量和保修期内故障的影响。因此,我们首先提出了一个模型,通过明确考虑产品销售和保修期内故障这两大来源的随机性来预测随时间变化的保修维修需求。在泊松销售过程和指数故障分布的假设条件下,得到了随时间变化的累计保修维修需求的均值和方差的闭式表达。由于每期的保修索赔数量是一次性数据,因此无法获得相关的分布信息。然后,根据需求统计的特性,我们推导出了相关库存成本的最坏情况上限,并建立了一个三阶段有限地平线备件库存模型,该模型可用于恰当地处理随时间变化的保修索赔。最后,我们进行了数值实验,以研究影响最优决策的关键参数,并基于真实数据进行了案例研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Spare parts provisioning strategy of warranty repair demands for capital-intensive products
The inventory cost of stocking spare parts is a nonnegligible expenditure of providing after-sales service for the manufacturers making capital-intensive products, such as electric vehicles. Especially, for warranty repair service, it is important to manage the spare stock appropriately to satisfy the warranty claims of customers as well as reduce the associated inventory costs. In this paper, we investigate the spare parts inventory issue related to a critical component for under-warranty units of a product. In particular, under the free-replacement warranty policy, failed component will be replaced by a new one by consuming the spare stock. According to the field claim data, we find that the general trend of warranty claims is nonstationary, which will be affected by the product sales and under-warranty failures. Thus, we first propose a model to forecast the time-varying warranty repair demand by explicitly considering the randomness from two major sources, that is, product sales and under-warranty failures. Under the assumptions of Poisson sales process and exponential failure distribution, the closed-form expressions of mean and variance of cumulative warranty repair demand over time are obtained. Because the number of warranty claims in each period is a one-time data, the associated distribution information is unavailable. Then, based on the properties of the demand statistics, we derived a worst-case upper bound for the associated inventory cost and formulate a three-phase finite-horizon spare parts inventory model, which can be used to appropriately address the time-varying warranty claims. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to investigate the key parameters affecting the optimal decisions where a case study based on real data is presented.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
19.00%
发文量
81
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Risk and Reliability is for researchers and practitioners who are involved in the field of risk analysis and reliability engineering. The remit of the Journal covers concepts, theories, principles, approaches, methods and models for the proper understanding, assessment, characterisation and management of the risk and reliability of engineering systems. The journal welcomes papers which are based on mathematical and probabilistic analysis, simulation and/or optimisation, as well as works highlighting conceptual and managerial issues. Papers that provide perspectives on current practices and methods, and how to improve these, are also welcome
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