无人值守的鸟源水平现场测量

Guillaume Dutilleux
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在研究动物交流和设计生物声学监测方案时,声功率级或所谓的声源级是评估鸟类活动空间的基本量。本文展示了使用部署在地面上的校准 4 麦克风水平阵列测量鸟类活动空间表观声功率的可行性。通过到达时间差可以确定声源的位置。假定声源是点声源,在校正地面反射和球面发散后,就能估计出视声功率级,但不能校正声源的指向性。我的方法受高架声源工程测量标准的启发,其优点是最大限度地减少了地面反射的影响,并允许在无人值守的情况下进行测量,或在由于树叶或遮挡物而看不到鸟的情况下进行测量。此外,我的论文还提供了 4 种鸟类声功率的新数据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Unattended field measurement of bird source level
Sound power levels or so-called source levels are essential quantities when it comes to evaluating the active space of bird species, both in the study of animal communication and when designing bioacoustic monitoring schemes. However, little data is available in the literature. In this paper I demonstrate the feasibility of the measurement of apparent sound power in the field for bird species by using a calibrated 4-microphone horizontal array deployed on the ground. Time differences of arrival allow for the location of the sound source. Assuming a point source, the apparent sound power level is estimated after correcting for ground reflection and spherical divergence but cannot be corrected for source directivity. The benefits of my approach that is inspired from engineering measurement standards for elevated sound sources, is to minimize the contribution from ground reflections and to allow for unattended measurements, or measurements when the bird is not visible, owing to either foliage or obscurity. Moreover, my paper brings new data on sound power for 4 species of birds.
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