Multidimensional dynamic control of optical skyrmions in graphene–chiral–graphene multilayers

Optical skyrmions are topological quasiparticles with a complex vectorial field structure. Their associated characteristics of ultra-small, ultra-fast and topological protection have great application prospects in high density data storage, light matter interaction and optical communication. At present, the research of optical skyrmions is still in its infancy, where the construction and flexible regulation of different topological textures are current research hotspot. Here, we combine the twist degree of freedom of materials and optical skyrmions. Based on graphene–chiral–graphene multilayers structure, we demonstrate the field mode symmetry and hybridization to form Bloch-type graphene plasmons skyrmion lattice. At the same time, by changing chirality parameter, the Fermi energy of graphene and the phase of incident light, multidimensional control of Bloch-type optical skyrmions can be realized. Our work demonstrated that the properties of materials provide the additional dimensions to regulate the topological states, and the combination of different materials structures provides the possibility for dynamic construction and manipulation of multiple topological states, which is expected to find applications in integrated nanophotonics devices.