精神变态特征解释了药物使用障碍和暴力特征之间的共同差异

IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Samuel R. Vincent, Emily E. Graupman, William J. McGarrigle, David S. Kosson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景关于确定暴力行为风险和保护因素的研究文献很多。长期以来,人们一直认为药物使用障碍是暴力行为的重要预测因素。目的确定精神变态特质在多大程度上可以解释药物依赖症状与暴力行为之间的共同差异,暴力犯罪的刑事指控显示了被监禁男性中药物依赖症状与暴力行为之间的共同差异。方法在一个县监狱中对 682 名因刑事指控(其中许多是暴力犯罪)而候审的男性进行抽样调查,评估他们对三类药物(酒精、大麻和可卡因)的依赖特征。通过对零阶和部分相关性进行统计比较,检验了心理病理学检查表-修订版(PCL-R)评估的心理病理学总分和分面得分是否会影响药物依赖症状与暴力指控之间的关联。结果PCL-R总分在暴力犯罪刑事指控史与所有三种药物类别的终生药物依赖症状之间的共同变异中占很大比例。在侧面水平上,控制人际侧面和修正的反社会侧面的评分会降低暴力犯罪刑事指控与可卡因依赖症状之间的联系;控制修正的反社会侧面的评分也会削弱酒精和大麻依赖症状与暴力犯罪指控史之间的联系。鉴于所观察到的药物依赖症状与暴力犯罪指控之间的联系部分是由心理变态特质的个体差异造成的,因此,针对这些特质的有效治疗可能是有用的,也许对于减少某些药物使用障碍的特征与暴力犯罪之间的联系至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychopathy traits explain variance shared between features of substance use disorders and violence

Background

There is a substantial research literature on identifying risk and protective factors for violence perpetration. Substance use disorders have long been identified as constituting a significant predictor of violent behaviour. Psychopathy traits have also been similarly recognised, but inter-relationships between psychopathy traits, features of substance use disorders and violence have been little explored.

Aims

To determine the degree to which shared variance between substance dependence symptoms and violence, as indicated by criminal charges for violent offences, among jailed men can be explained by psychopathy traits.

Methods

Features of dependence on substances in three drug classes (alcohol, cannabis and cocaine) were assessed in a sample of 682 men in a county jail awaiting trial on criminal charges, many for violent offences. Statistical comparisons of zero-order and partial correlations tested whether accounting for psychopathy total and facet scores, assessed by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), affected associations between substance dependence symptoms and violent charges.

Results

Total PCL-R scores accounted for a significant proportion of the shared variance between the history of criminal charges for violence offences and lifetime substance dependence symptoms in all three drug classes. At the facet level, controlling for ratings on the interpersonal and modified antisocial facets reduced the association between criminal charges for violent offences and symptoms of cocaine dependence; controlling for ratings on a modified antisocial facet also attenuated links between alcohol and cannabis dependence symptoms and history of charges for violent offences.

Conclusion

These findings build on the sparse literature to date on the role of psychopathy traits on relationships between features of substance use disorders and violence. Given that the observed connection between substance dependence symptoms and charges for violent offences is partly accounted for by individual differences in psychopathy traits, it follows that effective treatment for those traits may be useful, perhaps essential to reducing links between features of some substance use disorders and violent offending.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health – CBMH – aims to publish original material on any aspect of the relationship between mental state and criminal behaviour. Thus, we are interested in mental mechanisms associated with offending, regardless of whether the individual concerned has a mental disorder or not. We are interested in factors that influence such relationships, and particularly welcome studies about pathways into and out of crime. These will include studies of normal and abnormal development, of mental disorder and how that may lead to offending for a subgroup of sufferers, together with information about factors which mediate such a relationship.
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