Rule based coordinated source and demand side energy management of a remote area power supply system

The electrification and extension of conventional grid in remote areas is still a major challenge in developing countries. This can be addressed with an integration and management of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems to the remote network. This paper aims to develop a Rule-based Smart Energy Management System (RBSEMS) paradigm for Remote area power supply (RAPS) systems to implement simultaneous source-side and demand-side energy management. The uninterrupted power supply and reduction of electricity cost is the primary objective of the work. Besides, in the multi-objective framework, reduction of dependency on the grid is considered along with the primary objective. The remote area power system controllers are modelled to provide a seamless transition between different modes of operation of energy sources and respond to RBSEMS signals without much delay. The RAPS test system consisting of schedulable and non-schedulable loads, solar PV, wind energy system, battery energy storage system, utility grid along with its controllers are modelled in MATLAB Simulink to validate the RBSEMS. The comprehensive analysis and simulation results of various cases present the effectiveness of the proposed approach on the modelled RAPS system. Four performance indices are also presented to highlight the merits of the proposed work. The overall cost is decreased by 11.56% in case 2B, when primary objective is considered alone. When primary and secondary objectives are considered together, the overall cost is decreased by 3.69% in case 3B but the independent performance index is improved from 0.7815 to 0.836 indicating the reduced grid dependency. The response time of the modelled local controllers of the system is found to be 24.2 ms, which is acceptable for an interval of 0.25 s.