混合约瑟夫森阵列临界时的微波辐射

Kristen W. Léonard, Anton V. Bubis, Melissa Mikalsen, William F. Schiela, Bassel H. Elfeky, Duc Phan, Javad Shabani, Andrew P. Higginbotham
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在超导体-绝缘体量子临界点附近,经常可以观察到异常的金属行为,如果这种行为持续到零温度,就会对当前的金属理论提出挑战。对这种行为的一种解释可能是样品和低温恒温器之间的热平衡不完全。然而,尽管经过几十年的研究,异常金属样品的实际温度仍未被测量到。因此,我们引入了一种新的实验探针,以二维超导体-半导体混合约瑟夫森结阵列为模型系统,测量异常金属发出的微波辐射。发射的总辐射超过了热力学平衡的极限,但可以用升高的样品温度很好地描述。这种提取的样品温度与异常金属行为的起始温度相匹配。此外,我们还发现了辐射噪声在施加偏压时的缩放行为。我们根据非线性临界场理论和规引力对偶性预测了辐射噪声缩放观测结果。这项工作表明,在一个突出的模型系统中,异常金属行为是一种非平衡效应,并为研究量子临界附近的普遍非平衡现象开辟了新的前沿。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Microwave radiation at criticality in a hybrid Josephson array
Anomalous metallic behavior is ubiquitously observed near superconductor-insulator quantum critical points and, if persistent to zero temperature, poses a challenge to current theories of metals. One explanation for this behavior could be incomplete thermal equilibrium between the sample and the cryostat. However, despite decades of study, the actual temperature of an anomalous metallic sample has not been measured. We therefore introduce a new experimental probe by measuring microwave radiation emitted from the anomalous metal, using a two-dimensional array of superconductor-semiconductor hybrid Josephson junctions as a model system. The total emitted radiation exceeds the limits of thermodynamic equilibrium, but is well described by an elevated sample temperature. This extracted sample temperature matches the onset of anomalous metallic behavior. Additionally, we discover scaling behavior of radiative noise in the presence of an applied bias. Elements of our noise-scaling observations were predicted based on nonlinear critical field theories and gauge-gravity duality. This work shows that, in a prominent model system, anomalous metallic behavior is a non-equilibrium effect, and opens a new frontier in the study of universal, non-equilibrium phenomena near quantum criticality.
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