是什么帮助儿童和青少年披露他们遭受性虐待的经历?系统性范围界定审查

IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Lynne McPherson, Kathomi Gatwiri, Anne Graham, Darlene Rotumah, Kelly Hand, Corina Modderman, Jaime Chubb, Samara James
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景全球研究发现,儿童性虐待的发生率表明,这是一个重大的持续性公共卫生问题。例如,澳大利亚最近的一项研究显示,超过三个女孩和几乎五分之一的男孩报告在 18 岁之前遭受过性虐待。然而,自我报告的受虐率远远超过官方数字,这表明大量遭受性虐待的儿童并未引起相关当局的注意。本综述的目的是对学术文献进行探讨,以确定人们对促使或限制儿童披露其性虐待经历的因素有哪些了解。方法 为了更好地了解有关儿童性虐待披露的学术文献的知识现状,我们进行了一次系统的范围界定综述。在从五个数据库中寻找文章并根据透明的纳入和排除标准对其进行系统筛选后,32 篇学术出版物被纳入分析范围。结果从 32 篇出版物中确定了三个多维主题。这些主题是:促成披露的因素是多方面的;披露的障碍包括个人、家庭、环境和文化问题的复杂相互作用;土著受害者和幸存者、男性幸存者以及具有少数民族文化背景的幸存者在披露其虐待经历时可能面临更多障碍。我们需要开展进一步的研究,以便更深入地了解不同人群在披露经历时所面临的诱因和障碍之间复杂的相互作用。特别是,未来的研究应重视儿童性虐待受害者和幸存者的声音,调动他们的生活经验,共同创造更好的实践和政策。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

What Helps Children and Young People to Disclose their Experience of Sexual Abuse and What Gets in the Way? A Systematic Scoping Review

What Helps Children and Young People to Disclose their Experience of Sexual Abuse and What Gets in the Way? A Systematic Scoping Review

Background

Global research has found that prevalence rates of child sexual abuse suggest that this is a significant ongoing public health concern. A recent Australian study, for example, revealed that more than three girls and almost one in five boys reported experiencing sexual abuse before the age of 18. Self-reported rates of abuse, however, far exceed official figures, suggesting that large numbers of children who experience sexual abuse do not come to the attention of relevant authorities. Whether and how those children have tried to tell their stories remains unclear.

Objective

The goal of the review was to explore scholarly literature to determine what was known about what enables or constrains children to disclose their experience of sexual abuse.

Method

A systematic scoping review was undertaken to better understand the current state of knowledge in the scholarly literature on child sexual abuse disclosure. Thirty-two scholarly publications were included for analysis following a rigorous process of sourcing articles from five databases and systematically screening them based on transparent inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ecological systems and trauma-informed theoretical paradigms underpinned an inductive thematic analysis of the included manuscripts.

Results

Three multi-dimensional themes were identified from the thirty-two publications. These themes were: factors enabling disclosure are multifaceted; barriers to disclosure include a complex interplay of individual, familial, contextual and cultural issues; and Indigenous victims and survivors, male survivors, and survivors with a minoritised cultural background may face additional barriers to disclosing their experiences of abuse.

Conclusions

The literature suggests that a greater understanding of the barriers to disclosures exists. Further research that supports a deeper understanding of the complex interplay of enablers and the barriers to disclosure across diverse populations is needed. In particular, future research should privilege the voices of victims and survivors of child sexual abuse, mobilising their lived experiences to co-create improved practice and policy.

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来源期刊
Child & Youth Care Forum
Child & Youth Care Forum PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
5.60%
发文量
54
期刊介绍: Child & Youth Care Forum is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary publication that welcomes submissions – original empirical research papers and theoretical reviews as well as invited commentaries – on children, youth, and families. Contributions to Child & Youth Care Forum are submitted by researchers, practitioners, and clinicians across the interrelated disciplines of child psychology, early childhood, education, medical anthropology, pediatrics, pediatric psychology, psychiatry, public policy, school/educational psychology, social work, and sociology as well as government agencies and corporate and nonprofit organizations that seek to advance current knowledge and practice. Child & Youth Care Forum publishes scientifically rigorous, empirical papers and theoretical reviews that have implications for child and adolescent mental health, psychosocial development, assessment, interventions, and services broadly defined. For example, papers may address issues of child and adolescent typical and/or atypical development through effective youth care assessment and intervention practices. In addition, papers may address strategies for helping youth overcome difficulties (e.g., mental health problems) or overcome adversity (e.g., traumatic stress, community violence) as well as all children actualize their potential (e.g., positive psychology goals). Assessment papers that advance knowledge as well as methodological papers with implications for child and youth research and care are also encouraged.
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