评估二氧化氮对全球多个地点气溶胶光学深度测量的影响

IF 3.2 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Akriti Masoom, Stelios Kazadzis, Masimo Valeri, Ioannis-Panagiotis Raptis, Gabrielle Brizzi, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Francesca Barnaba, Stefano Casadio, Axel Kreuter, Fabrizio Niro
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要这项工作旨在研究二氧化氮吸收对太阳光度计气溶胶-光学深度(AOD)测量和Ångström指数(AE)检索的影响,通过协同使用精确的二氧化氮表征来估算共址地基测量的光学深度。该分析在全球多个地点进行了为期 7 年(2017-2023 年)的 AOD 测量和 AE 检索,这些太阳光度计是由气溶胶机器人网络(AERONET)太阳光度计进行测量和检索的,该太阳光度计使用 OMI(臭氧监测仪器)气候学来表示 NO2。二氧化氮吸收造成的 AOD 和 AE 检索结果的差异,是通过同地的 Pandonia 全球网络(PGN)的 Pandora 分光辐射计的高频柱状二氧化氮测量来解释的。二氧化氮的吸收会影响紫外-可见光(可见光)范围内的 AOD 测量值,我们发现在 380 nm 波段,二氧化氮差异对 AOD 偏差的影响最大,其次分别是 440、340 和 500 nm 波段。我们发现,在一半的情况下,AERONET 的 AOD 被高估了,而在其他情况下,由于二氧化氮与 "真实"(PGN NO2)值的差异,AOD 也被低估了。高估或低估的情况相对较少。这些站点中约有三分之一的 NO2 和 AOD(在 380 和 440 nm 处)的平均差异分别超过 0.5 × 10-4 mol m-2 和 0.002,这可被视为对 AOD 测量不确定性的系统性贡献,据报道,AOD 测量的不确定性约为 0.01。然而,在高度城市化/工业化地区的极端 NO2 负荷情景下(即最高差异为 10%),观测到的 AOD 差异甚至更高,达到或高于所报告的 AOD 测量不确定性 0.01 的极限。基于 PGN NO2 的 AOD 差异敏感性分析表明,对于变化范围在 2 × 10-4 和 8 × 10-4 mol m-2 之间的 PGN NO2,随着 NO2 临界值的增加(即下限从 2 × 10-4 增加到 8 × 10-4 mol m-2),AOD 差异的中位数上升到 0.01 以上(甚至超过 0.02)。AOD 衍生产品 AE 也受到 NO2 校正(AERONET OMI 气候学上的 NO2 值与 PGN 实际 NO2 测量值之间的差异)对光谱 AOD 的影响。在一些台站,AE 的归一化频率分布(440-870 和 340-440 nm 波长对)在较宽的 AOD 分布范围内较窄小,而在其他台站则相反、在高估 AOD 的情况下,较短波长的相对误差越大,AE 差分分布的峰值越向正值偏移;在低估 AOD 的情况下,较低波长的相对误差越大,AE 差分分布的峰值越向负值偏移。在农村地区,NO2 平均差异大多低于 0.50 × 10-4 mol m-2,相应的 AOD 差值低于 0.002,而在极端 NO2 负荷情况下,NO2 平均差异超过了这一数值,某些站点达到 1.00 × 10-4 mol m-2 以上,导致 AOD 差值增大,但低于 0.005。最后,根据原始 AERONET AOD(基于 AERONET OMI 气候学 NO2)计算 AOD 和 AE 趋势,并将其与 AERONET 和 PGN NO2 校正 AOD 的平均差异进行比较,以说明 NO2 校正可能对现实 AOD 趋势产生的潜在影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessment of the impact of NO2 contribution on aerosol-optical-depth measurements at several sites worldwide
Abstract. This work aims at investigating the effect of NO2 absorption on aerosol-optical-depth (AOD) measurements and Ångström exponent (AE) retrievals of sun photometers by the synergistic use of accurate NO2 characterization for optical-depth estimation from co-located ground-based measurements. The analysis was performed for ∼ 7 years (2017–2023) at several sites worldwide for the AOD measurements and AE retrievals by Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sun photometers which use OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) climatology for NO2 representation. The differences in AOD and AE retrievals by NO2 absorption are accounted for using high-frequency columnar NO2 measurements by a co-located Pandora spectroradiometer belonging to the Pandonia Global Network (PGN). NO2 absorption affects the AOD measurements in UV-Vis (visible) range, and we found that the AOD bias is the most affected at 380 nm by NO2 differences, followed by 440, 340, and 500 nm, respectively. AERONET AOD was found to be overestimated in half of the cases, while also underestimated in other cases as an impact of the NO2 difference from “real” (PGN NO2) values. Overestimations or underestimations are relatively low. About one-third of these stations showed a mean difference in NO2 and AOD (at 380 and 440 nm) above 0.5 × 10−4 mol m−2 and 0.002, respectively, which can be considered a systematic contribution to the uncertainties in the AOD measurements that are reported to be of the order of 0.01. However, under extreme NO2 loading scenarios (i.e. 10 % highest differences) at highly urbanized/industrialized locations, even higher AOD differences were observed that were at the limit of or higher than the reported 0.01 uncertainty in the AOD measurement. PGN NO2-based sensitivity analysis of AOD difference suggested that for PGN NO2 varying between 2 × 10−4 and 8 × 10−4 mol m−2, the median AOD differences were found to rise above 0.01 (even above 0.02) with the increase in NO2 threshold (i.e. the lower limit from 2 × 10−4 to 8 × 10−4 mol m−2). The AOD-derivative product, AE, was also affected by the NO2 correction (discrepancies between the AERONET OMI climatological representation of NO2 values and the real PGN NO2 measurements) on the spectral AOD. Normalized frequency distribution of AE (at 440–870 and 340–440 nm wavelength pair) was found to be narrower for a broader AOD distribution for some stations, and vice versa for other stations, and a higher relative error at the shorter wavelength (among the wavelength pairs used for AE estimation) led to a shift in the peak of the AE difference distribution towards a higher positive value, while a higher relative error at a lower wavelength shifted the AE difference distribution to a negative value for the AOD overestimation case, and vice versa for the AOD underestimation case. For rural locations, the mean NO2 differences were found to be mostly below 0.50 × 10−4 mol m−2, with the corresponding AOD differences being below 0.002, and in extreme NO2 loading scenarios, it went above this value and reached above 1.00 × 10−4 mol m−2 for some stations, leading to higher AOD differences but below 0.005. Finally, AOD and AE trends were calculated based on the original AERONET AOD (based on AERONET OMI climatological NO2), and its comparison with the mean differences in the AERONET and PGN NO2-corrected AOD was indicative of how NO2 correction could potentially affect realistic AOD trends.
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来源期刊
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
18.40%
发文量
331
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT) is an international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of advances in remote sensing, in-situ and laboratory measurement techniques for the constituents and properties of the Earth’s atmosphere. The main subject areas comprise the development, intercomparison and validation of measurement instruments and techniques of data processing and information retrieval for gases, aerosols, and clouds. The manuscript types considered for peer-reviewed publication are research articles, review articles, and commentaries.
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