编纂学与伊斯兰法的变革:首次评估普林斯顿加勒特藏书中的 Tarjīḥāt al-bayyināt

IF 0.2 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Tobias Scheunchen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在伊斯兰法中,至少从 10 世纪的法学家 al-Jaṣṣāṣ(卒于 370/981 年)开始,优势(tarjīḥ)--一种供法学家解决证据之间法律矛盾(taʿāruḍ)的实用方法--就已在伊斯兰传统中广为人知。然而,在普林斯顿大学加勒特收藏馆的几份 17 和 18 世纪阿拉伯语和奥斯曼语手稿中,我们看到了标有 "tarjīḥāt al-bayyināt"("TB s")的类似摘要的列表,这些列表简明扼要地汇编了复杂的优势规则。TB s 分成三栏列表,放在散页上,作为页边注释或单独的文本单元,其语法和视觉布局使手稿读者可以预测和识别。本文将 TBs 作为一种编纂学现象进行研究,认为它们是熟悉证据法的法律从业者的速记工具,它们的存在表明,在伊斯兰法历史的这一关键时刻,读者/法律从业者与实在法法典的关系发生了更广泛的转变。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Codicology and the Transformation of Islamic Law: A First Assessment of the Tarjīḥāt al-bayyināt in the Princeton Garrett Collection

In Islamic law, preponderance (tarjīḥ)—a practical method for mujtahids to resolve legal contradictions (taʿāruḍ) between proofs—has been known in the uṣūl tradition from at least the 10th-century jurist al-Jaṣṣāṣ (d. 370/981). Yet, it is in several 17th and 18th-century Arabic and Ottoman manuscripts of Princeton’s Garrett Collection that we encounter summary-like lists labelled “tarjīḥāt al-bayyināt” (“TB s”), which succinctly compile the complex rules of preponderance. Organized into three-columned lists, on loose leaves, as annotations in the margin or separate textual units, the TB s follow a grammatical and visual layout that made them predictable and recognizable for manuscript readers. This paper examines the TB s as a codicological phenomenon, arguing that they served as a shorthand for legal practitioners familiar with evidentiary law and that their presence suggests a broader transformative process of readers’/legal practitioners’ relationship with codices of positive law at this critical moment in the history of Islamic law.

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来源期刊
Journal of Islamic Manuscripts
Journal of Islamic Manuscripts HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: The Journal of Islamic Manuscripts (JIM) explores the crucial importance of the handwritten book in the Muslim world. It is concerned with the written transmission of knowledge, the numerous varieties of Islamic book culture and the materials and techniques of bookmaking, namely codicology. It also considers activities related to the care and management of Islamic manuscript collections, including cataloguing, conservation and digitization. It is the Journal’s ambition to provide students and scholars, librarians and collectors – in short, everyone who is interested in Islamic manuscripts – with a professional journal and functional platform of their own. It welcomes contributions in English, French and Arabic on codicology, textual studies, manuscript collections and collection care and management. Papers will be peer-reviewed to maintain a high scholarly level. The Journal of Islamic Manuscripts is published on behalf of the Islamic Manuscript Association Limited, an international non-profit organization dedicated to protecting Islamic manuscripts and supporting those who work with them.
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