Revolutionizing PV grid integration: Metaheuristic optimization of fractional PI controllers in T-type neutral point piloted inverters for enhanced performance

This study investigates the efficacy of FOPI regulators as a substitute for conventional proportional integral (PI) controllers in grid-connected PV inverters. The research's objective is to improve the dynamic efficiency of these systems by integrating intelligent optimization techniques that utilize both PI and FOPI controllers and employing different metaheuristic optimization procedures. The study introduces four new optimization algorithms: the Tyrannosaurus Optimization Algorithm (TROA), the Nutcracker Optimization Algorithm (NOA), the Golden Eagle Optimizer (GEO), and the Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JSO). These are made to meet the needs of multi-objective optimization. The proposal suggests using two PI/FOPI regulators to regulate both voltage and amperage provided by the multilayer inverter. The proposal employs a T-type three-level inverter, known for its superior conversion efficiency over conventional inverters. Matlab-Simulink simulations demonstrate that the Nutcracker optimization algorithm (NOA) outperforms other metaheuristic techniques for optimizing dynamic behavior, such as overshoot, settling time, execution, and rising time. Comparisons with existing methods, such as the Manta Rays Foraging Optimization (MRFO) and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), show that all four new algorithms consistently outperform these existing algorithms. The data suggest that using NOA improves stability, efficiency, and power factor while reducing the inverter's THD.