夜间工作、昼夜节律和认知能力:对机场安检员的实地研究

IF 2.5 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL
Robin Riz à Porta , Stefan Michel , Yanik Sterchi , Juergen Sauer , Adrian Schwaninger
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引用次数: 0

摘要

昼夜节律和夜间工作对工作表现的影响已通过实验室环境中与工作无关的标准化任务进行了广泛研究。然而,在这一领域,有关工作表现的实地研究却很少。本研究通过分析某国际机场 1437 名安检人员的 400 万次行为反应,填补了这一空白。我们比较了夜班(0:00 至 2:59)、早班(3:00 至 5:59)和标准早班(6:00 至 7:59)安检员在对乘客行李 X 光图像进行例行安检时的威胁检测表现。处理时间与实验室研究中发现的注意力昼夜节律一致,表明昼夜节律会影响现实生活中的工作表现。夜班和早班的误报率(即假目标出现反应)略高于标准早班,而安全相关的命中率(即真目标出现反应)则无明显差异。此外,我们还发现夜班和早班在工作表现上没有差异,这表明夜班和早班都会扰乱员工的自然睡眠模式,从而对工作表现产生影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Night work, circadian rhythm, and cognitive performance: A field study with airport security screeners

The effects of circadian rhythms and night work on performance have been extensively studied using standardized, non-work-related tasks in laboratory settings. However, field research on work performance is scarce in this domain. This study addresses this gap by analyzing four million behavioral responses from 1437 security officers at an international airport. We compared threat detection performance during the routine security screening of passengers' baggage X-ray images across night shifts (shift starting between 0:00 and 2:59), early morning shifts (starting between 3:00 and 5:59), and standard morning shifts (starting between 6:00 and 7:59). Processing times followed the circadian rhythm of attention found in laboratory studies, indicating that the rhythm affects real-life work performance. False alarm rates (i.e. false target present responses) were slightly higher during night and early morning shifts than during standard morning shifts, with no significant difference in the security-relevant hit rates (i.e. true target present responses). Furthermore, we found no performance differences between night work and early morning shifts, suggesting that both can disrupt employees’ natural sleep patterns with implications on performance.

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来源期刊
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 工程技术-工程:工业
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
12.90%
发文量
110
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: The journal publishes original contributions that add to our understanding of the role of humans in today systems and the interactions thereof with various system components. The journal typically covers the following areas: industrial and occupational ergonomics, design of systems, tools and equipment, human performance measurement and modeling, human productivity, humans in technologically complex systems, and safety. The focus of the articles includes basic theoretical advances, applications, case studies, new methodologies and procedures; and empirical studies.
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