Irina Yu. Feniova , Tomasz Brzeziński , Andrew R. Dzialowski , Varos G. Petrosyan , Anna Bednarska , Natalia S. Zilitinkevicz , Piotr Dawidowicz
{"title":"食物质量和温度对小体型和大体型桡足类之间竞争互动的综合影响","authors":"Irina Yu. Feniova , Tomasz Brzeziński , Andrew R. Dzialowski , Varos G. Petrosyan , Anna Bednarska , Natalia S. Zilitinkevicz , Piotr Dawidowicz","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2024.126203","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Competition is one of the main drivers of population dynamics of cladoceran species. According to the Size Efficiency Hypothesis, large-bodied cladocerans are superior competitors over small-bodied species because they are more effective filter-feeders and can consume a wider size spectrum of food particles. However, we hypothesized that food quality in terms of phosphorus (P) and/or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content can alter competitive interactions, and these potential effects can be modified by temperature. Since large-bodied cladocerans are more vulnerable to poor food quality and are regarded as less adaptive to high temperatures, we hypothesized that large-bodied species would be superior competitors at low temperature and/or high food quality, while small-bodied cladocerans would be competitively superior at enhanced temperature and/or poor food quality. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted laboratory experiments with the small-bodied <em>D. longispina</em> and large-bodied <em>D. magna</em> fed with three different types of food: (1) P-poor and PUFA-rich green algae (low phosphorus or LP-treatment), (2) PUFA-poor-cyanobacteria treatment (CYANO) and (3) P-rich and PUFA-rich green algae (high phosphorus or HP-treatment) at 18°C and 24°C. We found that <em>D. magna</em> had a stronger suppressive competitive effect on <em>D. longispina</em> in all food quality and temperature treatments. Nevertheless, food quality and temperature modified competitive interactions between the small- and large-bodied <em>Daphnia</em>. In HP and CYANO, both <em>Daphnia</em> species were more strongly suppressed by competitor presence at high than low temperatures, whereas in LP mutual suppression was relatively weaker at higher temperatures. This phenomenon was attributed to higher requirement for P at enhanced temperature which created constraints for population growth thus decreasing competitive interactions at higher temperatures. Mutual competitive suppression in CYANO was weaker than in the HP treatment although cyanobacteria had the greatest negative impact on the abundance of both <em>Daphnia</em> species. In general our results show that the outcome of competition between large and small-bodied cladoceran species was not affected by food quality and/or temperature, yet, these factors markedly altered competitive interactions between species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Combined effects of food quality and temperature on competitive interactions between small- and large-bodied cladoceran species\",\"authors\":\"Irina Yu. Feniova , Tomasz Brzeziński , Andrew R. Dzialowski , Varos G. Petrosyan , Anna Bednarska , Natalia S. Zilitinkevicz , Piotr Dawidowicz\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.limno.2024.126203\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Competition is one of the main drivers of population dynamics of cladoceran species. According to the Size Efficiency Hypothesis, large-bodied cladocerans are superior competitors over small-bodied species because they are more effective filter-feeders and can consume a wider size spectrum of food particles. However, we hypothesized that food quality in terms of phosphorus (P) and/or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content can alter competitive interactions, and these potential effects can be modified by temperature. Since large-bodied cladocerans are more vulnerable to poor food quality and are regarded as less adaptive to high temperatures, we hypothesized that large-bodied species would be superior competitors at low temperature and/or high food quality, while small-bodied cladocerans would be competitively superior at enhanced temperature and/or poor food quality. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted laboratory experiments with the small-bodied <em>D. longispina</em> and large-bodied <em>D. magna</em> fed with three different types of food: (1) P-poor and PUFA-rich green algae (low phosphorus or LP-treatment), (2) PUFA-poor-cyanobacteria treatment (CYANO) and (3) P-rich and PUFA-rich green algae (high phosphorus or HP-treatment) at 18°C and 24°C. We found that <em>D. magna</em> had a stronger suppressive competitive effect on <em>D. longispina</em> in all food quality and temperature treatments. Nevertheless, food quality and temperature modified competitive interactions between the small- and large-bodied <em>Daphnia</em>. In HP and CYANO, both <em>Daphnia</em> species were more strongly suppressed by competitor presence at high than low temperatures, whereas in LP mutual suppression was relatively weaker at higher temperatures. This phenomenon was attributed to higher requirement for P at enhanced temperature which created constraints for population growth thus decreasing competitive interactions at higher temperatures. Mutual competitive suppression in CYANO was weaker than in the HP treatment although cyanobacteria had the greatest negative impact on the abundance of both <em>Daphnia</em> species. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
竞争是衣壳纲物种种群动态的主要驱动力之一。根据 "尺寸效率假说"(Size Efficiency Hypothesis),大体型的革囊动物是比小体型物种更优越的竞争者,因为它们是更有效的滤食者,可以捕食更多尺寸的食物颗粒。然而,我们假设食物质量中的磷(P)和/或多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量会改变竞争性相互作用,而这些潜在的影响会受到温度的影响。由于体型较大的革囊动物更容易受到食物质量差的影响,而且被认为对高温的适应性较差,因此我们假设体型较大的物种在低温和/或食物质量较高的情况下会是优势竞争者,而体型较小的革囊动物在温度升高和/或食物质量较差的情况下会是优势竞争者。为了验证这一假设,我们在 18°C 和 24°C 温度条件下,用小体型的长舌藻和大体型的盾尾藻用三种不同类型的食物进行了实验室实验:(1) 低磷和富含 PUFA 的绿藻(低磷或 LP 处理);(2) 低 PUFA-蓝藻处理(CYANO);(3) 富含 P 和 PUFA 的绿藻(高磷或 HP 处理)。我们发现,在所有食物质量和温度处理中,D. magna对D. longispina具有更强的抑制竞争效应。然而,食物质量和温度改变了小体水蚤和大体水蚤之间的竞争相互作用。在 HP 和 CYANO 中,高温比低温对两种水蚤的抑制作用更强,而在 LP 中,高温下的相互抑制作用相对较弱。这一现象归因于温度升高时对钾的需求量增加,从而限制了种群的增长,从而减少了高温下的竞争性相互作用。虽然蓝藻对两种水蚤的丰度都有最大的负面影响,但 CYANO 中的相互竞争抑制比 HP 处理中弱。总之,我们的研究结果表明,大体和小体水蚤物种之间的竞争结果不受食物质量和/或温度的影响,但这些因素明显改变了物种之间的竞争互动。
Combined effects of food quality and temperature on competitive interactions between small- and large-bodied cladoceran species
Competition is one of the main drivers of population dynamics of cladoceran species. According to the Size Efficiency Hypothesis, large-bodied cladocerans are superior competitors over small-bodied species because they are more effective filter-feeders and can consume a wider size spectrum of food particles. However, we hypothesized that food quality in terms of phosphorus (P) and/or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content can alter competitive interactions, and these potential effects can be modified by temperature. Since large-bodied cladocerans are more vulnerable to poor food quality and are regarded as less adaptive to high temperatures, we hypothesized that large-bodied species would be superior competitors at low temperature and/or high food quality, while small-bodied cladocerans would be competitively superior at enhanced temperature and/or poor food quality. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted laboratory experiments with the small-bodied D. longispina and large-bodied D. magna fed with three different types of food: (1) P-poor and PUFA-rich green algae (low phosphorus or LP-treatment), (2) PUFA-poor-cyanobacteria treatment (CYANO) and (3) P-rich and PUFA-rich green algae (high phosphorus or HP-treatment) at 18°C and 24°C. We found that D. magna had a stronger suppressive competitive effect on D. longispina in all food quality and temperature treatments. Nevertheless, food quality and temperature modified competitive interactions between the small- and large-bodied Daphnia. In HP and CYANO, both Daphnia species were more strongly suppressed by competitor presence at high than low temperatures, whereas in LP mutual suppression was relatively weaker at higher temperatures. This phenomenon was attributed to higher requirement for P at enhanced temperature which created constraints for population growth thus decreasing competitive interactions at higher temperatures. Mutual competitive suppression in CYANO was weaker than in the HP treatment although cyanobacteria had the greatest negative impact on the abundance of both Daphnia species. In general our results show that the outcome of competition between large and small-bodied cladoceran species was not affected by food quality and/or temperature, yet, these factors markedly altered competitive interactions between species.