空气中微粒物质和微量元素在 Hedera helix 和 Senecio cineraria 叶子上沉积的定量分析

Plants Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI:10.3390/plants13172519
Anabel Saran, Mariano Javier Mendez, Diego Gabriel Much, Valeria Imperato, Sofie Thijs, Jaco Vangronsveld, Luciano Jose Merini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在发达国家和发展中国家,大气颗粒物(PM)污染仍然是一个重要问题。尽管空气质量差会对健康造成影响,但由于连续监测成本高昂且需要大量采样,有关空气污染的研究往往受到限制。此外,这些颗粒通常富含潜在的有毒微量元素和有机污染物。本研究评估了在一定时间范围内 Hedera helix 和 Senecio cineraria 叶子上积累的大气尘埃的成分,以及将其用作生物监测器的潜力。测试植物被放置在交通强度分别为高、中、低的四个不同地点的空气质量自动监测站附近。叶片上可吸入颗粒物(PM10)和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)的重量沉积与监测站记录的数据以及阿根廷国家气象局报告的天气状况进行了比较。为了确定叶片上沉积的 PM 是否富含微量元素,采用了两种分析技术:XRF(非破坏性)和 ICP(破坏性)。结果表明,只有在未铺设路面的街道地点(地点 2),空气中的 PM10 和 PM2.5 浓度(90 微克/立方米和 9 微克/立方米)超过了世界卫生组织准则(15 微克/立方米和 5 微克/立方米)的五倍以上。不过,在所有地点发现,沉积在树叶上的可吸入颗粒物中富含几种微量元素。主要是镉、铜、钛、锰、锌和铁的浓度增加,这与建筑、交通和未铺设路面的街道有关。此外,根据其对 2800 微克/厘米-2 的 PM10、2450 微克/厘米-2 的 PM2.5 和微量元素的固碳能力,可以考虑将仙客来用作生物监测器,甚至用于缓解可吸入颗粒物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Quantification of Airborne Particulate Matter and Trace Element Deposition on Hedera helix and Senecio cineraria Leaves
In both developed and developing countries, atmospheric pollution with particulate matter (PM) remains an important issue. Despite the health effects of poor air quality, studies on air pollution are often limited by the high costs of continuous monitoring and the need for extensive sampling. Furthermore, these particles are often enriched with potentially toxic trace elements and organic pollutants. This study evaluates both the composition of atmospheric dust accumulated during a certain timespan on Hedera helix and Senecio cineraria leaves and the potential for their use as bio-monitors. The test plants were positioned near automatic air quality monitoring stations at four different sites with respectively high, moderate and low traffic intensity. The gravimetric deposition of PM10 and PM2.5 on leaves was compared with data recorded by the monitoring stations and related to the weather conditions reported by Argentina’s National Meteorological Service. To determine the presence of trace elements enriching the PM deposited on leaves, two analytical techniques were applied: XRF (not destructive) and ICP (destructive). The results indicated that only in the unpaved street location (site 2) did PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations (90 µg m−3 and 9 µg m−3) in the air exceed more than five times WHO guidelines (15 µg m−3 and 5 µg m−3). However, several trace elements were found to be enriching PM deposited on leaves from all sites. Predominantly, increased concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ti, Mn, Zn and Fe were found, which were associated with construction, traffic and unpaved street sources. Furthermore, based on its capability to sequester above 2800 µg cm−2 of PM10, 2450 µg cm−2 of PM2.5 and trace elements, Senecio cineraria can be taken into consideration for adoption as a bio-monitor or even for PM mitigation.
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